A water soluble metalworking concentrate is a combination of one or more amines; one or more ferrous corrosion inhibitors; one or more phosphate esters; one or more ether carboxylates; a ricinoleic acid condensate; one or more lubricating agents; deionized water and, optionally, one or more non-ferrous corrosion inhibitors. In use, the concentrate is diluted to a concentration of approximately 5% to approximately 10%. In use, the metalworking fluid exhibits excellent lubricity, low foam generation, emulsion stability, protection of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, biostatic stability and environmental compatibility.

Compositions prepared from an adduct of mono-maleated polyunsaturated vegetable oil and an alcohol mixture comprising a hydrophobic alcohol having at least 9 carbon atoms and methoxypolyethylene glycol having a number average molecular weight (M.sub.n) of at least 350. Metalworking fluids comprising less than 3 wt % of a composition that is an adduct of mono-maleated polyunsaturated vegetable oil and an alcohol mixture comprising an alcohol having at least 2 carbon atoms and methoxypolyethylene glycol having a number average molecular weight (M.sub.n) of at least 350. Methods of improving the stability and/or lubricity of a metalworking fluid using a composition that is adduct of mono-maleated polyunsaturated vegetable oil and an alcohol mixture comprising an alcohol having at least 2 carbon atoms and methoxypolyethylene glycol having a number average molecular weight (M.sub.n) of at least 350.

A lubricating oil composition including: a lubricating base oil; (A) a first defoaming agent, the first defoaming agent being (A1) a first polymer, or (A2) a second polymer, or any combination thereof; and (B) a second defoaming agent, the second defoaming agent being a silicone defoaming agent, the (A1) first polymer including: a first polymer chain including a polysiloxane structure, the polysiloxane structure having a polymerization degree of 5 to 2000 and being represented by the following general formula (1); and a second polymer chain bonded with the first polymer chain, the second polymer chain including a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (2), the (A2) second polymer being a copolymer of a first monomer component and a second monomer component, the first monomer component represented by the general formula (7) or (8), the second monomer component represented by the general formula (9).

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The invention relates to acrylate-olefin copolymers and to a method for preparing these polymers. The present invention is also directed to lubricant compositions comprising these copolymers, and to the use of these copolymers as a lubricant additive or a synthetic base fluid in a lubricating oil composition, preferably in a gear oil composition, a transmission oil composition, a hydraulic oil composition, an engine oil composition, a marine oil composition, an industrial lubricating oil composition or in grease.

The disclosure relates to a biobased metal-working fluid (MWF) composition and method for making same, and more particularly metal-working fluid with biobased lubricants with improved emulsion stability. At least 50 wt. % of the base oil component in the MWF concentrate is a plant-derived liquid decarboxylated rosin acid oil (“DCR”). The DCR comprises 50 to 100 wt. % of tricyclic compounds having 18-20 carbon atoms, one or more C═C groups, and m/z (mass/charge) value of 220-280; an oxygen content of <5%; a density of 0.9 to 1.0 g/cm.sup.3 at 20° C.; and an acid value of <10 mg KOH/g. The resulting MWF is characterized as having comparable if not better performance compared to a MWF containing only mineral oil (e.g., Group I or Group II).

The invention provides a lubricating composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and synergistic mixture of a functionalized ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, a poly(meth)acrylate block polymer having a substantially oil soluble block and a substantially oil insoluble block. The invention also provides a method of lubricating a mechanical device using such a lubricating composition.

A method for improving low temperature performance of a lubricant in a compression-ignited internal combustion engine is disclosed. The method comprises operating the engine with a monograde lubricating oil composition comprising (a) a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity; and (b) a minor amount of an overbased alkaline earth metal salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound, the alkyl substituent being a residue derived from an isomerized alpha-olefin having from 12 to 40 carbon atoms per molecule.

A comb copolymer viscosity modifier may be made by polymerization comprising at least, or consisting essentially of, the following monomers: (a) a hydrogenated polybutadiene-based (alk)acrylate ester macromonomer (which repeat units may comprise from 7.0 wt % to 18 wt % of the repeat units of the comb copolymer viscosity modifier); (b) a C.sub.3-C.sub.8 alkyl (alk)acrylate ester monomer (which repeat units may comprise from 40 wt % to 71 wt % or from 45 wt % to 64 wt % of the repeat units of the comb copolymer viscosity modifier); and (c) a C.sub.12-C.sub.24 alkyl (alk)acrylate ester monomer, wherein repeat units based on the C.sub.12-C.sub.24 alkyl (alk)acrylate ester monomer comprise at least 21.0 wt % (and optionally up to 35.0 wt %) of repeat units of the comb copolymer viscosity modifier. Lubricant compositions comprising the comb copolymer viscosity modifier, as well as uses thereof and methods for modifying viscosity, are also contemplated herein.

A lubricating composition including a polymer blend of a modified styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and poly(meth)acrylate copolymer effective to maintain a pumpable fluid at low temperatures.

A lubricant for the hot forming of metals, with respect to the solid constituents, contains at least the following constituents: 55 to 85 wt % of a solid lubricating agent comprising a mixture of talc and a potassium mica, wherein the ratio of talc to potassium mica in the solid lubricating agent is 2.0 to 5.0, 10 to 30 wt % of an adhesive agent selected from a polyvinyl acetate, sodium water glass and dextrin or a mixture of same, 2 to 10 wt % of a thickener selected from hydroxy cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyproply cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, methylethyl cellulose, hydroxyethylmethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, ethylhydroxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethylhydroxy cellulose, dextrin, starch, organically modified bentonite, smectite and xanthan gum, 0 to 10 wt % of further auxiliary agents, and not more than 10 wt % of graphite.