An antioxidant polymer (e.g., oligomer) composition comprising repeat units of diphenylamine monomers of formula I

##STR00001##

wherein R is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.18 alkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.18 alkynyl, C(O)C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, C(O)aryl and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently H or a linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkoxy, C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkylamino, C.sub.1-C.sub.18 dialkylamino, C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkylthio, C.sub.2-C.sub.18 alkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.18 alkynyl or C.sub.7-C.sub.21 aralkyl and wherein the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymer is from about 350 g/mol to about 5000 g/mol are highly effective antioxidants in lubricant compositions. The polymer compositions may be prepared by a process comprising subjecting diarylamine monomers to dehydrocondensation conditions.

Disclosed in certain embodiments is a lubricating oil composition comprising an antioxidant polymer (e.g., oligomer) composition comprising repeat units of diphenylamine monomers of formula I

##STR00001## wherein R is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.18 alkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.18 alkynyl, C(O)C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, C(O)aryl and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently H or a linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkoxy, C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkylamino, C.sub.1-C.sub.18 dialkylamino, C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkylthio, C.sub.2-C.sub.18 alkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.18 alkynyl or C.sub.7-C.sub.21 aralkyl and wherein the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymer composition is from about 350 g/mol to about 5000 g/mol.

A method for the regeneration of used lubricating oils to produce lubricant base oils includes the steps of (a) removing resin and impurities by distillation, (b) catalytic oxidation treatment and (c) adsorption process. The method can efficiently reduce the color, metal ions, and sulfur content under mild reaction conditions at low cost and obtain high yield of regenerated oil above 85 wt. %.

Levulinic-capped estolides having improved physical properties that make them more desirable and suitable as bio-based industrial or commercial products are disclosed. The physical properties of the disclosed estolide compositions have surprisingly low pour points that are substantially lower than previously known estolide compounds and superior to petroleum-based compounds designed for similar applications.

The present invention relates to a method of marking a petroleum hydrocarbon by adding to and uniformly mixing with said petroleum hydrocarbon a chemical marker of general formula (I) ##STR00001##
wherein two of the residues R.sup.1-R.sup.10 are independently of each other selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkoxy, and eight of the residues R.sup.1-R.sup.10 are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl, as well as to a composition of a petroleum hydrocarbon comprising a petroleum hydrocarbon and at least one chemical marker of general formula (I). The presence and concentration of the chemical marker of general formula (I) in the composition of the petroleum hydrocarbon can be advantageously determined by laser ionization coupled with mass spectrometry or by laser ionization coupled with ion mobility spectrometry.

A cable fill composition for an optical fiber cable, said cable fill composition comprising (i) a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil; and (ii) a thickening system, wherein the thickening system comprises at least one block copolymer. The cable fill composition of the present invention provides improvements in rheological characteristics, low temperature properties, and colour stability properties, as well as minimizing the levels of additives such as antioxidants and pour point depressants which need to be used.

The present invention relates to a composition a composition comprising compound of the general formula (I)

##STR00001## in which R.sup.1 a straight or branched C1-C24 alkyl group; R.sup.2 is a C1-C8 alkyl group; R.sup.3 is a C1-C8 alkyl group.

The invention also relates to industrial products such as additive blends, engine oils and polymer compositions comprising this compound of the general formula (I) and to the use the compound of the general formula (I) as an additive such in industrial products such as additive blends, engine oils and polymer compositions.

A lubricant formulation for an electric or hybrid vehicle includes a base oil, or a blend thereof, one or more additives, and a molybdenum amine complex, such as diisotridecylamine molybdate, are provided. Lubricant formulations can be characterized by one of: improving electric motor protection when a voltage is applied to an electrode in the presence of a formulation comprising the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive as compared to a fluid lacking the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive; maintaining the electrical resistance slope of a formulation comprising the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive as compared to a fluid lacking the diisotridecylamine molybdate additive; the formulation forming a protective film on copper surfaces; a change in color of the formulation indicating contact load, temperature, time, or viscosity change.

Provided herein are grease compositions comprising at least one estolide compound of formula: ##STR00001##
in which n is an integer equal to or greater than 0; m is an integer equal to or greater than 2; R.sub.1, independently for each occurrence, is selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; R.sub.2 is selected from hydrogen and optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, independently for each occurrence, are selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched. Also provided are methods of making estolide-based grease products.

A refrigerator oil that is excellent in thermal stability and oxidation stability is provided. The refrigerator oil contains at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a polyvinyl ether compound, a polyoxyalkylene glycol compound, and a polyol ester compound and has a Hazen color number according to ASTM D1209-05 of 0 to 10.