The present invention is a lubricating agent containing a compound represented by the following formula 1:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent a hydrocarbon group with 6 or more and 24 or less carbons; A.sup.10 and A.sup.2O each represent an alkyleneoxy group with 2 or more and 4 or less carbons; x1 and x2 are average numbers of added moles, and each represent a number of 0 or more and 10 or less; and M is a cationic ion.

Soluble water scavenger molecules for use with dielectric fluids are disclosed. An example dielectric fluid-based composition for reducing water content in a dielectric fluid may include a water-scavenging agent disposed within a dielectric fluid. The example dielectric fluid-based composition may further include the water-scavenging agent being soluble in the dielectric fluid. The example dielectric fluid-based composition may further include the water-scavenging agent being configured to react with water molecules in the dielectric fluid. The example dielectric fluid-based composition may be disposed in an electrical equipment immersed in oil. The electrical equipment may further include at least one solid insulation in operational contact with the dielectric fluid.

The present invention provides: a rust inhibitor that has excellent rust inhibiting and anti-corrosive properties, not only on iron members, but also on non-iron metal members, and can prevent rust and corrosion over long periods; a rust inhibitor composition that contains the rust inhibitor, a coating formation material; a coating obtained from the rust inhibitor, the rust inhibitor composition, or the coating formation material; and a metal component that comprises the coating. This rust inhibitor contains at least one compound represented by a Chemical Formula (1). ##STR00001##
(In the formula: R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group with a carbon number of 1-33; R.sup.2 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group with a carbon number of 1-33; the total carbon number of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is 1-34; X is a single bond or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group with a carbon number of 1-5; either A.sup.1 or A.sup.2 is —OH; and the other is —O—CH.sub.2—CH(OH)—CH.sub.2OH or —O—CH(—CH.sub.2—OH).sub.2.)

What is provided is a fluorine-containing ether compound represented by the following formula. R.sup.1—CH.sub.2—R.sup.2—CH.sub.2—OCH.sub.2CH(OH)CH.sub.2O—CH.sub.2—R.sup.3—CH.sub.2—R.sup.4 (In the formula, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are perfluoropolyether chains, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 are terminal groups having two or three polar groups, in which individual polar groups are bound to different carbon atoms and the carbon atoms to which the polar groups are bound are bound to each other via a linking group having a carbon atom to which the polar groups are not bound).

A lubricating oil composition comprises an amide and at least one additive. A lubricating grease composition comprises a liquid amide, a thickener comprising a metal soap, and at least one additive. The amide in each composition is the reaction product of a secondary, branched amine and a carboxylic acid. The carboxylic acid may be a monocarboxylic acid or a dicarboxylic acid, including dimer acid. The amide is hydrolytically stable, and may be used to increase the hydrolytic stability of the lubricant oil or grease composition. Alternatively, the amide may be used to increase the additive solubility or detergency of the lubricant oil or grease composition.

A lubricating oil composition includes at least one base oil selected from the group consisting of a mineral oil-based lubricating oil, a synthetic oil-based lubricating oil, and a mixed oil thereof, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate X represented by Formula (1), and an acid phosphate ester amine salt Y represented by Formula (2), in which a content P.sub.X of the X is from 0.06% by mass to 0.08% by mass in terms of phosphorus concentration with respect to a total mass of the lubricating oil composition, and a content P.sub.Y of the Y is from 0.015% by mass to 0.025% by mass in terms of phosphorus concentration with respect to the total mass of the lubricating oil composition.

Compositions and processes are disclosed for forming hydrophobic coatings and lubricant-infused surface coatings. Coatings may be applied to various substrates without prior chemical or temperature treatment of the substrates and over large and irregular surfaces. Coatings are self-healing, antifouling, and have enhanced lifetimes.

A lubricating oil composition comprises an amide and at least one additive. A lubricating grease composition comprises a liquid amide, a thickener comprising a metal soap, and at least one additive. The amide in each composition is the reaction product of a secondary, branched amine and a carboxylic acid. The carboxylic acid may be a monocarboxylic acid or a dicarboxylic acid, including dimer acid. The amide is hydrolytically stable, and may be used to increase the hydrolytic stability of the lubricant oil or grease composition. Alternatively, the amide may be used to increase the additive solubility or detergency of the lubricant oil or grease composition.

A lithium-based grease and the preparation method thereof are provided. The raw materials for preparing the lithium-based grease include in parts by weight: 75-88 parts of base oil, 0.5-2.5 parts of antiwear agent, 0.1-1.5 parts of antirust agent, 0.1-1.5 parts of antioxidant, 5-25 parts of lubricant, 5-15 parts of thickening agent, and 0.6-2.0 parts of saponifying agent. The raw materials also include hydroxyl compound-containing modified graphene containing quaternary ammonium salt or aromatic ring. The grease has good colloid stability and mechanical stability, can greatly improve the antiwear property. More than that, the grease has excellent oxidation resistance, and can significantly shorten the reaction time of the saponification, reduce the reaction temperature of the saponification.

A penetrating oil including isoalkane solvent and oil derived from biological sources and a method for producing the same, are disclosed. Use of a composition containing isoalkane solvent and oil derived from biological sources is further disclosed.