A transformer oil basestock is disclosed that includes at least 99 wt % of naphthenes and paraffins, based on the total weight of the transformer oil basestock, wherein the weight ratio of naphthenes to paraffins is at least 1, as measured by GC-MS, and wherein the paraffins consist essentially of isoparaffins, as determined by GC-FID. In addition, a transformer oil composition is disclosed that includes the transformer oil basestock, an anti-gassing agent and an antioxidant.

A transmission fluid composition contains a major amount of a lubricating oil basestock, and a minor amount of an additive package comprising: (i) a mixture comprising two or more phosphites and/or phosphates; (ii) one or more thioester compounds; (iii) one or more zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compounds; and (iv) one or more oil-soluble or dispersible molybdenum-containing compounds. Such a transmission fluid may be used for controlling and/or reducing wear, e.g., in a manual transmission.

The invention relates to the use of an oil that does not include tricresyl phosphate and includes as an anti-wear additive at least one diphosphorus compound for the prophylaxis of aerotoxic syndrome, especially in case of fume event. It also relates to the oil as such.

Disclosed is an oil that does not include tricresyl phosphate and includes as an anti-wear additive at least one diphosphorus compound for the prophylaxis of aerotoxic syndrome, especially in case of fume event. It also relates to a lubrication method utilizing such oil.

One aspect of the disclosure relates to a sliding member. The sliding member includes: a first sliding portion having a first lubricant placed between first parts of a first friction sliding mechanism; a second sliding portion having a second lubricant placed between second parts of a second friction sliding mechanism; and a third sliding portion having a third lubricant placed between third parts of a third friction sliding mechanism. The first sliding portion is in contact with the third lubricant, and the second sliding portion is not in contact with the third lubricant. The second lubricant contains an additive containing conductive carbon, and the third lubricant contains no conductive carbon. The second lubricant contains a relatively larger amount of the conductive carbon than the first lubricant.

This is to provide an electrically-conductive lubricant having characteristics in combination that it shows liquid crystallinity in a wide temperature range, retains low dynamic friction coefficient, has electrical-conductivity, has almost no loss due to evaporation, decomposition and the like, has a clean appearance, and emits fluorescence, and can find deterioration or leakage immediately.

This electrically-conductive lubricant comprises at least one kind of the compound (1) represented by the formula (1):

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[wherein, R.sup.11 and R.sup.21 are the same or different from each other, and each is hydrogen or a group —OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH(R′)CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OR (R is a linear or branched C.sub.nH.sub.2n+1, 4≤n≤12, and R′ is methyl or ethyl), and R.sup.12, R.sup.13, R.sup.22 and R.sup.23 are the same or different from each other, and each is a group —OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH(R′)CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OR (R is a linear or branched C.sub.nH.sub.2n+1, 4≤n≤12, and R′ is methyl or ethyl)].

The invention is directed to a method for reducing low speed pre-ignition events in a spark-ignited direct injection internal combustion engine by supplying to the sump a lubricant composition which contains an oil of lubricating viscosity and an ashless dispersant. The ashless dispersant may be selected from succinimide compounds prepared from aliphatic or aromatic amines.

The disclosed technology provides a lubricating composition and a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine where the lubricating composition contains an oil of lubricating viscosity, one or more metal-containing, sulfur-free, alkyl-phenol based detergents, an alkaline earth metal sulfonate detergent, a polyisobutenyl succinimide dispersant, and a dispersant viscosity modifier having a number average molecular weight of at least 20,000. The lubricating composition of the present invention can be formulated to have lower HTHS viscosity, and reduced phosphorous content, while providing protection against adhesive wear.

The present invention provides an engine oil composition including 70 to 95 percent by weight of a base oil and 0.01 to 15 percent by weight of a dispersant comb polymer, based on the overall weight of the engine oil composition. The dispersant comb polymer consists of 13.7% by weight of a macromonomer, which is an ester of methacrylic acid and a hydroxylated hydrogenated polybutadiene with Mn of 4750 g/mol; 51.5% by weight of n-butyl methacrylate; 17.3% by weight of LMA; 11.2% by weight of styrene; 0.2% by weight of methyl methacrylate; and 6.10% by weight of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate. The modified dispersant inhibitor package contains 30 wt % or less of succinimide type dispersant based on the overall weight of the modified dispersant inhibitor additive package, and the engine oil composition has an SAE viscosity grade of 0W-X, wherein X is 30 or less.

This invention relates to a functional fluid, comprising: (A) from 50 to 85 wt.-% of alkoxy glycol according to formula (I): CH.sub.3—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.n—H, wherein n is a number from 2 to 5, with the proviso that in at least 30 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (I), n is 3, and (B) from 1 to 20 wt.-% of alkoxy glycol according to formula (II): R.sub.1—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.m—H, wherein R.sub.1 is a C2 to C8 alkyl residue, m is a number from 2 to 6, with the proviso that in at least 65 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (II), m is 3, and (C) from 6 to 35 wt.-% of at least one compound according to formula (III): H—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.k—H, wherein k is a number of 2 or higher, with the proviso that in at least 80 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (III), k is 2 or 3, (D) at least one additive.