This invention relates to malienated derivatives made from maleic anhydride, functionalized monomers, and one or more additional reagents, e.g., an oxygen-containing reagent (e.g., alcohol, polyol), a nitrogen-containing reagent (e.g., amine, polyamine, aminoalcohol), a metal and/or a metal compound. The invention relates to lubricants, functional fluids, fuels, dispersants, detergents and functional compositions (e.g., cleaning solutions, food compositions, etc.)

The present invention provides a refrigerating machine oil comprising a base oil; a sulfide compound; and an orthophosphoric acid ester, wherein a content of the sulfide compound is 0.01 to 2.0% by mass and a content of the orthophosphoric acid ester is 0.1 to 5.0% by mass, based on a total amount of the refrigerating machine oil, and the refrigerating machine oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40? C. of 3 to 500 mm.sup.2/s.

Lubricating oil compositions comprise one or more polytetrahydrofuranes that are prepared by alkoxylating polytetrahydrofurane with at least one C8-C30 epoxy alkane.

An object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil composition that is particularly excellent in viscosity characteristics at a low temperature of ?35? C., i.e., the lubricating oil composition inhibiting an increase in low temperature viscosity while securing a viscosity necessary at an elevated temperature, and being excellent in storage stability in a low temperature environment. The present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition including a copolymer (A) and a base oil (B), in which the copolymer (A) satisfies the following requirement (a-1), and the content ratio between the copolymer (A) and the base oil (B) is such that the copolymer (A) is in a range of 0.1 to 50 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass in total of the copolymer (A) and the base oil (B). (a-1) The copolymer (A) is a copolymer of 4-methyl-1-pentene and an ?-olefin having 20 or less carbon atoms excluding 4-methyl-1-pentene, including a constituent unit derived from 4-methyl-1-pentene within a range of 1 mol % or more and less than 30 mol % relative to the total constituent units.

The present invention provides a lubricating oil composition comprising: (A) a lubricant base oil including at least one type selected from mineral oil, PAO, and GTL (gas-to-liquid) base oils; (B) a compound having a structure obtained by independently subjecting propylene oxide to addition polymerization with an alcohol or a structure obtained by subjecting a combination of propylene oxide with ethylene oxide and/or butylene oxide to addition polymerization with an alcohol, and being configured so that polyalkylene glycol (PAG) with an oxygen/carbon weight ratio of 0.35 or more and less than 0.45 and/or one or both terminal hydroxyl groups in the polyalkylene glycol (PAG) are blocked; and (C) a fatty acid ester having an oxygen/carbon weight ratio of 0.05 to 0.35.

A refrigerant composition of R-1234yf and R-744 is disclosed. In some embodiments, the R-744 is 5% or less by weight of the composition. In instances where PVE is utilized as a lubricant with the refrigerant, R-744 may be 50% or less of the composition. Systems utilizing the refrigerant and methods of using such are also disclosed.

The present invention is able to provide a lubricating oil composition having excellent thermal/chemical stability even when used for a compression refrigerating machine using a saturated fluorinated hydrocarbon refrigerant having a low carbon number and a low global warming potential, by using a refrigerant containing a saturated fluorinated hydrocarbon having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, which uses, as a base oil, an oxygen-containing organic compound composed of at least one member selected from a polyoxyalkylene glycol, a polyvinyl ether, a copolymer of a poly(oxy)alkylene glycol and a polyvinyl ether, a copolymer of a poly(oxy)alkylene glycol monoether and a polyvinyl ether, and a polyol ester, each having a water content of not more than 500 ppm by mass.

This disclosure relates to sulfurized derivatives made from functionalized monomers. The disclosure relates to lubricants, functional fluids, fuels, dispersants, detergents and functional compositions (e.g., cleaning solutions, food compositions, etc.)

There are provided a composition for a heat cycle system containing a working medium for heat cycle that has a low global warming potential and high stability, which can be used as a substitute for HFC-134a and HFC-245fa, and a heat cycle system using this composition. The composition for a heat cycle system contains: a working medium for heat cycle containing 1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; and a stabilizer suppressing deterioration of the working medium for heat cycle such as an oxidation resistance improver, a heat resistance improver, or a metal deactivator, and the heat cycle system uses this composition for a heat cycle system.

The invention provides a refrigerating machine oil comprising as a base oil at least one oxygen-containing oil having a carbon/oxygen molar ratio of 2.5 or more and 5.8 or less, and being used in combination with a (Z)-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene refrigerant.