A composition that includes one or more compounds represented by the formula
R.sub.1OR.sub.2
wherein R.sub.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or polyaryl group having from about 4 to about 40 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 is the residue of a substituted or unsubstituted glycol ether having from about 4 to about 40 carbon atoms. The composition has a viscosity (Kv.sub.100) from about 1 to about 10 cSt at 100 C. as determined by ASTM D-445, a viscosity index (VI) from about 100 to about 300 as determined by ASTM D-2270, and a Noack volatility of no greater than 50 percent as determined by ASTM D-5800. The disclosure also relates to a process for producing the composition, a lubricating oil base stock and lubricating oil containing the composition, and a method for improving one or more of oxidative stability, solubility and dispersancy of polar additives of a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil containing the composition.

Provided are an ester of isotridecanoic acid and pentaerythritol, etc., wherein (i) the kinematic viscosity at 40 C. is in the range of 80-140 mm.sup.2/sec. and (ii) the number of terminal methyl groups per molecule of isotridecanoic acid in the isotridecanoic acid obtained by .sup.1H-NMR measurement is in the range of 2.6-3.4 on average.

The present invention provides a refrigerating-machine oil composition which comprises the following ester additive (a) and the following ester base oil (b), the content of the ester additive (a) being 5-45 mass % with respect to the total amount of the refrigerating-machine oil composition. Ester additive (a): At least one ester of isotridecanoic acid with pentaerythritol Ester base oil (b): Polyhydric-alcohol esters comprising esters of two or more aliphatic monocarboxylic acids selected from among C4-9 aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with pentaerythritol.

An engine lubricant comprising an oil and additives and method of making and using the same. The engine lubricant is based on process of sequentially combining a specific amount isopropyl alcohol, fuel stabilizer, corn oil and motor oil to produce a lubricant that prevents phase separation. The engine lubricant may be combined with gasoline to produce a two-cycle engine fuel. Alternatively, the engine lubricant may be used to lubricate 4-cycle engines. Prevention of phase separation in the engine lubricant provides longer engine life and reduced engine wear in both two-cycle and four-cycle engines.

A water-soluble metalworking fluid of the invention contains: a component (A) that is a dicarboxylic acid including a sulfide structure; a component (B) that is a polyalkylene glycol; a component (C) that is polyhydric alcohol polyalkylene oxide adducts; and a component (D) that is a monocarboxylic acid.

The present invention aims to provide a viscosity index improver excellent in shear stability and having a low HTHS viscosity and a high viscosity index. The viscosity index improver of the present invention contains a (co)polymer (A) containing a polyolefin-based monomer as an essential monomer unit, and a base oil, wherein the absolute value of difference in solubility parameter between the (co)polymer (A) and the base oil is 0.8 to 2.0 (cal/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2.

Provided is a method for selecting a lubricant and a refrigerant for use in a vapor-compression refrigeration device such that the combination of the lubricant and refrigerant produces a fluid system having a lubricant-rich phase and a refrigerant-rich phase, yet exhibits miscible-type properties.

A composition that includes one or more compounds represented by the formula

R.sub.1OR.sub.2

wherein R.sub.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or polyaryl group having from about 4 to about 40 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 is the residue of a substituted or unsubstituted glycol ether having from about 4 to about 40 carbon atoms. The composition has a viscosity (Kv.sub.100) from about 1 to about 10 cSt at 100 C. as determined by ASTM D-445, a viscosity index (VI) from about 100 to about 300 as determined by ASTM D-2270, and a Noack volatility of no greater than 50 percent as determined by ASTM D-5800. The disclosure also relates to a process for producing the composition, a lubricating oil base stock and lubricating oil containing the composition, and a method for improving one or more of oxidative stability, solubility and dispersancy of polar additives of a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil containing the composition.

The present invention relates to functional fluid compositions containing antioxidants, and specifically stable compositions containing antioxidants with limited solubility in and/or limited compatibility with the functional fluids with which they are used. In particular the present invention deals with functional fluids used in internal combustion engines, such as engine oils, and antioxidants containing a phenolic or benzoic group, where the antioxidant is present in the functional fluid composition at levels that would otherwise cause the composition to be unstable and/or hazy.

A lubricant composition comprising a Group I, II, III or IV hydrocarbon oil and a polyalkylene glycol, the polyalkylene glycol having been prepared by reacting a C.sub.8-C.sub.20 alcohol and a mixed butylene oxide/propylene oxide feed using a double metal cyanide catalyst catalyzed oxyalkylation process, and wherein the lubricant composition remains clear and shows no phase separation at temperatures equal to and greater than the pour point of the hydrocarbon oil is provided. A method for making a lubricant composition is also provided.