A number of different branched hydrocarbon compounds (formula I) having a star-like configuration (S) are prepared from renewable oils containing fatty acids or derivatives containing fatty acids. The branched hydrocarbon compounds may be isolated individually or in mixtures, and may be used as part of base oils, such as renewable base oils (RBOs). A process for preparing the branched hydrocarbon compounds of formula I involve conditions that favour a trimerisation reaction followed by hydrotreating conditions. The compounds of formula I may be made by catalytically treating renewable material in a process, and the compounds have desirable qualities relating to lubrication, cold flow as well as having a low Noack volatility.

Provided are: a lubricating oil composition that contains a base oil (A) containing an alkylnaphthalene (A1) and an ester compound (A2), wherein the content ratio of the component (A1) to the component (A2) [(A1)/(A2)] is 15/85 to 85/15 as a ratio by mass, and a tenter device using the lubricating oil composition. The lubricating oil composition has a small evaporation loss, has a suppressed amount of evaporation, maintains good fluidity and hardly causes adherence of residue even in long-term use in high-temperature environments.

A system includes optics for ultraviolet light or electrons. The optics are situated in a chamber and include a surface to control a path of photons or electrons. The system also includes a lubricated component that is distinct from the surface and is situated in the chamber. The lubricated component is lubricated with a lubricant that includes an ionic liquid having a cation and an anion, wherein at least one of the cation or the anion is organic.

The invention provides a grease composition for lubricating resins which contains a base oil, a diurea compound represented by formula (I) as a thickener: R.sup.1NHCONHR.sup.2NHCONHR.sup.3 (I) (wherein R.sup.2 represents a bivalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 each independently represent a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms), and a chained hydrocarbon polymer having a weight-average molecular weight of 20,000 to 300,000.

Compounds having the formula (F-I) below are provided herein: ##STR00001##
wherein: R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.5000 alkyl group; R.sup.2 is (i) a C.sub.4-C.sub.30 linear alkyl group or (ii) a C.sub.4-C.sub.5000 branched alkyl having the formula (F-II) below: ##STR00002##
wherein R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 at each occurrence are each independently a hydrogen or a C.sub.1-C.sub.30 linear alkyl group and n is a positive integer, provided however, among all of R.sup.5 and R.sup.6, at least one is a C.sub.1-C.sub.30 linear alkyl group; and R.sup.7 is a hydrogen or a C.sub.1-C.sub.30 linear alkyl group; R.sup.3 is hydrogen or a C.sub.1-C.sub.5000 alkyl group; and R.sup.4 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.50 alkyl group or an aromatic group. Processes for preparing compounds of formula (F-I) as well as base stock and lubricant compositions containing compounds of formula (F-I) are also provided.

Provided herein are lubricant compositions comprising renewable base oils as embodied by hydrocarbon mixtures with controlled structure characteristics in combination with lubricant additives that address performance requirements and stricter environmental and fuel economy regulations. The lubricant composition provides performance in the cold crank simulated viscosity (CCS) vs Noack volatility relationship, which allows for the formulation of lower viscosity engine oils with improved fuel economy, improved fuel economy retention, and retained LSPI prevention additionally conferring improved characteristics to other devices or apparatus requiring lubrication.

Disclosed is a method of producing a lubricating base oil, including providing a feedstock including a diesel fraction, subjecting the feedstock to catalytic dewaxing, and recovering a lubricating base oil from a product of the catalytic dewaxing. A lubricating base oil produced thereby and a lubricant product including the lubricating base oil are also provided.

Provided are a lubricating oil composition used in a diesel engine equipped with a forced-induction compressor, containing a base oil (A) containing a poly--olefin (A1), and a viscosity index improver (B) having an SSI (shear stability index) of 20 or less, having a distillation amount of a light fraction of 496 C. or less in a gas chromatography distillation test of less than 80% by volume, having a high retention of the effect of suppressing the formation of deposits that may occur inside the compressor, and being capable of retaining a high efficiency of the compressor for a long period of time, in the use thereof in a diesel engine equipped with a forced-induction compressor having an outlet temperature of the compressor becoming a high temperature reaching 190 C. or more, and a method for using the lubricating oil composition.

A lubricating agent including an ionic liquid formed from a Bronsted acid (HX) and a Bronsted base (B), wherein the Bronsted base has a linear hydrocarbon group having 10 or more carbon atoms and the difference between the pKa value of the Bronsted acid in water and the pKa value of the Bronsted base in water is 12 or more.

A lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine includes: a lubricant base oil including at least one mineral base oil, at least one synthetic base oil, or any combination thereof, and having a kinematic viscosity at 100 C. of 3.0 to 4.0 mm.sup.2/s and a NOACK evaporation loss at 250 C. of no more than 15 mass %; (A) a calcium-containing metallic detergent in an amount of no less than 1000 mass ppm and less than 2000 mass ppm in terms of calcium; (B) a magnesium-containing metallic detergent in an amount of 100 to 1000 mass ppm in terms of magnesium; (G) a zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate in an amount of no less than 600 mass ppm in terms of phosphorus; and optionally (C) a viscosity index improver in an amount of no more than 5 mass %.