A process for recovering tocotrienols/tocopherols, carotenoids and sterols from crude vegetable oil, characterised in that prior to the recovery steps, the amount of the free fatty acids in the oil is reduced to 3.50% by weight by distillation or neutralization.

Methods for making specialty chemical products and chemical intermediates using hydroformylation are generally disclosed. Further, compositions and compounds formed using such methods are also disclosed. In some embodiments, methods are disclosed for refining a renewably sourced material, such as a natural oil, to form compositions, which can be further reacted employing the methods disclosed herein to form certain specialty chemical products or chemical intermediates.

Methods for making specialty chemical products and chemical intermediates using hydroformylation are generally disclosed. Further, compositions and compounds formed using such methods are also disclosed. In some embodiments, methods are disclosed for refining a renewably sourced material, such as a natural oil, to form compositions, which can be further reacted employing the methods disclosed herein to form certain specialty chemical products or chemical intermediates.

Reduced color epoxidized fatty acid esters are provided which may be used as primary plasticizers for PVC, in replacement of phthalate plasticizers. The reduced color epoxidized fatty acid esters are prepared from natural fats or oils by transesterification and interesterification processes, whereby through the use of borohydride, materials having PtCo colors according to ASTM D1209 on the order of 50 and lower are possible.

Reduced color epoxidized fatty acid esters are provided which may be used as primary plasticizers for PVC, in replacement of phthalate plasticizers. The reduced color epoxidized fatty acid esters are prepared from natural fats or oils by transesterification and interesterification processes, whereby through the use of borohydride, materials having PtCo colors according to ASTM D1209 on the order of 50 and lower are possible.

Methods for refining crude tobacco seed oils and the refined tobacco seed oils produced by such methods are provided herein. In particular, methods for reducing the amount of free fatty acids in the crude oil, for modifying the color of the crude oil, and for reducing any undesirable taste/odor associated with the crude oil are provided. The present invention further relates to the incorporation and use of such refined oil within various products.

The present invention provides a method for vegetable oil deacidification by enzymatic amidation, which relates to the field of oil refining technology. The present invention is carried out through mixing high acid value vegetable oil with ethanolamine at a certain molar ratio in a solvent or solvent-free system, adding with a certain amount of lipase, and reacting at certain temperature for a period of time. The monoethanolamine has been used as an acyl donor for the first time to react with free fatty acid, which avoids the increasing amount of by-products and great loss of neutral oil in reaction that involved with triglycerides. The method of the present invention has the advantages of high selectivity, high catalytic efficiency, and environment friendly in the reaction. From enzymes recycling, it greatly reduces costs, which shows tremendous potential in the application.

The present invention provides a method for vegetable oil deacidification by enzymatic amidation, which relates to the field of oil refining technology. The present invention is carried out through mixing high acid value vegetable oil with ethanolamine at a certain molar ratio in a solvent or solvent-free system, adding with a certain amount of lipase, and reacting at certain temperature for a period of time. The monoethanolamine has been used as an acyl donor for the first time to react with free fatty acid, which avoids the increasing amount of by-products and great loss of neutral oil in reaction that involved with triglycerides. The method of the present invention has the advantages of high selectivity, high catalytic efficiency, and environment friendly in the reaction. From enzymes recycling, it greatly reduces costs, which shows tremendous potential in the application.

Products produced from distillers corn oil include once refined corn oil product, food grade corn oil product, and free fatty acid product which may be used in a variety of applications. The products have varying specifications for free fatty acid content and moisture content. The applications include food, feed, additives, and manufacture of industrial products.

A method for treating a substrate prior to a metathesis reaction includes treating the substrate with a first agent configured to mitigate potentially adverse effects of one or more contaminants in the substrate on a catalyst used to catalyze the metathesis reaction. The treating reduces a level of the one or more contaminants by an amount sufficient to enable the metathesis reaction to proceed at a substrate-to-catalyst molar ratio of at least about 7,500 to 1. Methods for metathesizing substrates are described.