Processes and system for producing biofuels and coproducts are described herein. The system includes a heterogeneous acid catalyst and reactors for reacting a) an alcohol and b) a mixture of a fatty acid glyceride and a fatty acid. The system may further include a pretreatment system and a purification system.

Processes and system for producing biofuels and coproducts are described herein. The system includes a heterogeneous acid catalyst and reactors for reacting a) an alcohol and b) a mixture of a fatty acid glyceride and a fatty acid. The system may further include a pretreatment system and a purification system.

The present invention relates to a process for making soap bar compositions comprising bar matrix comprising predominantly long chain length soap and interspersed regions comprising predominantly shorter chain soaps. The novel bars of the invention are sufficiently hard to survive large scale manufacturing while simultaneously delivering benefits of significant foam value enhancement, for example, due to delivery of short-chain soaps from concentrated regions. Surprisingly, even when soaps in concentrated regions comprise small percentage of overall soap used, they form observable kappa phase pattern.

The present invention relates to a process for making soap bar compositions comprising bar matrix comprising predominantly long chain length soap and interspersed regions comprising predominantly shorter chain soaps. The novel bars of the invention are sufficiently hard to survive large scale manufacturing while simultaneously delivering benefits of significant foam value enhancement, for example, due to delivery of short-chain soaps from concentrated regions. Surprisingly, even when soaps in concentrated regions comprise small percentage of overall soap used, they form observable kappa phase pattern.

This invention relates to the development of processes for the preparation of functionalized castor oil derivatives namely ring-opened glyceryl ricinoleates, epoxy alkyl ricinoleates and ring-opened alkyl ricinoleates with tailorable properties from epoxidized castor oil as raw material using heterogeneous acid and base catalysts. More particularly, the invention employs two reaction chemistries namely ring-opening and transesterification using Amberlyst 15 as solid acid catalyst for the former and oxides derived from CaAl layered double hydroxide (CaAl-LDH) as solid base catalyst for the latter and combinations thereof. Furthermore, both the catalysts are reusable and the products are easily separable after the reaction by simple physical processes.

This invention relates to the development of processes for the preparation of functionalized castor oil derivatives namely ring-opened glyceryl ricinoleates, epoxy alkyl ricinoleates and ring-opened alkyl ricinoleates with tailorable properties from epoxidized castor oil as raw material using heterogeneous acid and base catalysts. More particularly, the invention employs two reaction chemistries namely ring-opening and transesterification using Amberlyst 15 as solid acid catalyst for the former and oxides derived from CaAl layered double hydroxide (CaAl-LDH) as solid base catalyst for the latter and combinations thereof. Furthermore, both the catalysts are reusable and the products are easily separable after the reaction by simple physical processes.

A method for preparing functional edible oil rich in phytosterol esters and diglycerides includes steps of: 1) adding a raw material: adding phytosterol, triglyceride and a molecular sieve into a reactor, wherein a ratio of the phytosterol and the triglyceride is 1:2-1:4, a molecular sieve amount is 50 g/L; heating to 50-60? C. and stirring for 30-60 min, for obtaining a pre-mixture; 2) providing non-aqueous enzymatic transesterification: adding 5-20 g/L lipase into the pre-mixture, adding 100-200 ppm antioxidant, stirring and reacting for 8-12 h with a temperature of 50-60? C. and an atmospheric pressure, stopping heating and naturally cooling to a room temperature; and 3) post-treating: after reaction, removing the lipase and the molecular sieve by centrifugation, for obtaining the functional edible oil. The functional edible oil rich in two nutritional active components is obtained by the one-step method. Products of the present invention do not need separation and purification, and operation is simple.

A method for preparing functional edible oil rich in phytosterol esters and diglycerides includes steps of: 1) adding a raw material: adding phytosterol, triglyceride and a molecular sieve into a reactor, wherein a ratio of the phytosterol and the triglyceride is 1:2-1:4, a molecular sieve amount is 50 g/L; heating to 50-60? C. and stirring for 30-60 min, for obtaining a pre-mixture; 2) providing non-aqueous enzymatic transesterification: adding 5-20 g/L lipase into the pre-mixture, adding 100-200 ppm antioxidant, stirring and reacting for 8-12 h with a temperature of 50-60? C. and an atmospheric pressure, stopping heating and naturally cooling to a room temperature; and 3) post-treating: after reaction, removing the lipase and the molecular sieve by centrifugation, for obtaining the functional edible oil. The functional edible oil rich in two nutritional active components is obtained by the one-step method. Products of the present invention do not need separation and purification, and operation is simple.

Phospholipid preparations effective in improving brain development and brain rehabilitation are provided herein.

The present invention relates to the field of methods for purifying fatty acid ethyl esters. According to the present invention, a method for obtaining a ?3 fatty acid ethyl ester, such as EPA and DHA, each as a high purity product at a high yield is provided. In the method according to the present invention, a raw material fat including EPA and DHA is treated with a lipolytic enzyme and ethyl-esterification is performed as needed; the treated substance is fractionated into a glyceride fraction and a free fatty acid fraction; a fraction comprising more EPA ester and a fraction comprising DHA ester are obtained from the respective fractions; the fraction comprising more EPA ester is purified to prepare a high-purity EPA ester; and the fraction comprising more DHA ester is purified to prepare a high-purity DHA ester.