Organic waste disposal in landfills is a substantial source of methane and carbon dioxide. Composting is an excellent alternative to landfill use, and the process described herein demonstrates a method to use such source-separated organics as a Carbon dioxide source for industrial scale algae cultivation, functionally sequestering the greenhouse gases produced.

Organic waste disposal in landfills is a substantial source of methane and carbon dioxide. Composting is an excellent alternative to landfill use, and the process described herein demonstrates a method to use such source-separated organics as a Carbon dioxide source for industrial scale algae cultivation, functionally sequestering the greenhouse gases produced.

Processes and systems for recovering oil from a fermentation product are provided that optimize oil recovery during fermentation. The processes and systems described herein introduce a gas into the fermentation product in order to cause the oil within the fermentation product to separate therefrom, thereby facilitating its subsequent recovery. The processes and systems described herein can maximize the amount of oil that can be recovered during fermentation.

The present invention relates to an in vitro method for producing .sup.13CO.sub.2 gas from .sup.13C-labeled biomass. The invention also relates to an in vitro method of quantifying .sup.13CO.sub.2 gas produced from .sup.13C-labeled biomass, and an in vitro method for determining whether a source of .sup.13C-labeled biomass will produce a predictable amount of .sup.13CO.sub.2 gas during in vivo digestion. The .sup.13C-labeled biomass can be .sup.13C-labeled Spirulina platensis in some cases.

The present invention relates to an in vitro method for producing .sup.13CO.sub.2 gas from .sup.13C-labeled biomass. The invention also relates to an in vitro method of quantifying .sup.13CO.sub.2 gas produced from .sup.13C-labeled biomass, and an in vitro method for determining whether a source of .sup.13C-labeled biomass will produce a predictable amount of .sup.13CO.sub.2 gas during in vivo digestion. The .sup.13C-labeled biomass can be .sup.13C-labeled Spirulina platensis in some cases.

An integrated process and system for the production of at least one gas fermentation product from a gaseous stream has been developed. The disclosure provides improved carbon utilization through both the recycle of a bioreactor tail gas via various different flow schemes and the employment of a CO.sub.2 to CO conversion system such as a reverse water gas shift unit and hydrogen separation unit. Recycling of the bioreactor tail gas and employment of a CO.sub.2 to CO conversion process provides for favourable H.sub.2:CO molar ratios of the feed to the gas fermentation bioreactor(s) for enhanced production of fermentation products.

An integrated process and system for the production of at least one gas fermentation product from a gaseous stream has been developed. The disclosure provides improved carbon utilization through both the recycle of a bioreactor tail gas via various different flow schemes and the employment of a CO.sub.2 to CO conversion system such as a reverse water gas shift unit and hydrogen separation unit. Recycling of the bioreactor tail gas and employment of a CO.sub.2 to CO conversion process provides for favourable H.sub.2:CO molar ratios of the feed to the gas fermentation bioreactor(s) for enhanced production of fermentation products.

The present invention provides a method for making ethanol and a protein feed or food product from a feedstock including starch, such as grain and grain-derived products, preferably combined with CO.sub.2 capture to increase yields further. The method facilitates a reduction in water usage compared to traditional ethanol plants, without affecting quality and quantity of the end products.

The present invention provides a method for making ethanol and a protein feed or food product from a feedstock including starch, such as grain and grain-derived products, preferably combined with CO.sub.2 capture to increase yields further. The method facilitates a reduction in water usage compared to traditional ethanol plants, without affecting quality and quantity of the end products.