A bioreactor includes one or more sensors, a plurality of spargers, a plurality of vertical circulation loops, and a controller coupled to the plurality of spargers and the one or more sensors. The controller is configured to determine that a reading associated with the bioreactor is not at a setpoint, adjust a sparging rate associated with at least one of the plurality of spargers responsive to gas sparging or a liquid additive being introduced to the bioreactor, wherein the sparging rate associated with the at least one of the plurality of spargers is adjusted from a first sparging rate to a second sparging rate, and in response to the reading associated with the bioreactor being consistent and at the setpoint, modify the sparging rate associated with the at least one of the plurality of spargers from the second sparging rate to the first sparging rate.

An assembly includes a housing with opposite first and second layers. The first and second layers are spaced apart to define a confined interior space. A semi-permeable membrane is attached to the first layer, the semi-permeable membrane covering a porous area portion of the first layer. An outlet port and an inlet port are in fluid communication with the interior space. The assembly includes a first circulator for circulating a first fluid between the outlet port and the inlet port, and a second circulator for circulating a second fluid along an exterior surface of the semi-permeable membrane. The second circulator includes a fluid duct attached to or integrated within the housing. The fluid duct is isolated from the interior space and is porous to provide fluid access to an exterior surface of the semi-permeable membrane. The semi-permeable membrane forms a barrier allowing exchange of compounds across the membrane.

The present disclosure is directed to bioreactor bag assemblies that can minimize the amount of additional connections/adaptations made to the bioreactor bag before the bioreactor bag can be used for cell cultivation, thereby reducing the risk of contamination. The bioreactor bag assemblies disclosed herein can include a pre-assembled waste bag connection and pre-assembled tubing arrangements so that the cell media and/or the cell source can be immediately welded to the pre-assembled tubing arrangements.

The invention relates to means and methods for the biomethanation of H.sub.2 and CO.sub.2. In particular, the invention relates to devices for producing methane by means of methanogenic microorganisms by converting H.sub.2 and CO.sub.2, wherein the devices comprise at least one reactor, an aqueous medium, which is provided in the at least one reactor, wherein the methanogenic microorganisms are contained in the aqueous medium, a feeding apparatus, which is designed to introduce H.sub.2 and CO.sub.2 into the at least one reactor, wherein H.sub.2 and CO.sub.2 form a gaseous mixture therein, and a reaction-increasing device, which is designed to enlarge the contact surface between the aqueous medium having the methanogenic microorganisms and the gaseous mixture. The invention further relates to methods for producing methane in a reactor device by means of methanogenic microorganisms.

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing cell-derived vesicles using a depth filter. The present invention has the effect of enabling cell-derived vesicles to be manufactured stably, economically, and in large quantities through a simplified process.

A bag assembly for use with a heat exchanger includes a flexible bag having of one or more sheets of polymeric material, the bag having a first end that bounds a first compartment and an opposing second end that bounds a second compartment, a support structure being disposed between the first compartment and the second compartment so that the first compartment is separated and isolated from the second compartment. A first inlet port, a first outlet port, and a first drain port are coupled with the flexible bag so as to communicate with the first compartment. A second inlet port, a second outlet port, and a second drain port are coupled with the flexible bag so as to communicate with the second compartment.

The present invention provides a method for processing biomass, wherein the method includes sanitizing and grinding a biomass feedstock and reducing the ground feedstock into macromolecules. The feedstock reduction process further includes cooking the feedstock, pre-treating the cooked feedstock with at least one enzyme, and adding at least one pH controlling agent to the treated feedstock. The feedstock is analyzed at each reduction step for proper reduction and the reduction is controlled based on the analysis, wherein controlling the reduction includes diverting a flow of the feedstock based on the analysis. The macromolecules obtained by the reduction process are fermented, wherein macromolecules are extracted from each reduction step.

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method that can accelerate reproduction of odor from an air-conditioner by segmenting microorganisms, a temperature/humidity condition and nutrients for metabolism of the microorganisms as conditions for reproducing the odor from the air-conditioner and setting the segmented microorganisms, a temperature/humidity condition and nutrients for metabolism of the microorganisms according to an accelerated condition thereof.

A method includes placing a sample of cells, tissue, or an organ into an oxygen imaging system, circulating a humidified gas mixture around the tissue or organ, circulating conditioned air through the oxygen imaging system to maintain a temperature around the sample, and acquiring a three-dimensional oxygen map of the sample. The oxygen map provides a quantitative measure of cell viability and functionality.

A microfluidic chip is configured to determine DILI parameters. The microfluidic chip includes a cell chamber hosting a tissue culture comprising liver tissue; a reoxygenation chamber configured to add oxygen to a fluid media; a fluid loop configured to recirculate the fluid media through the cell chamber and the reoxygenation chamber and supply oxygenated fluid media to the tissue culture; and an oxygen sensor configured to measure an oxygen concentration within the fluid media. The microfluidic chip includes a controller configured to perform operations including recirculating the fluid media in the fluid loop, the fluid media comprising a drug dose; obtaining measurements of the oxygen concentration at a sequence of time points during recirculating; and determining, based on the measured oxygen concentration, at least one physiologic parameter value of the tissue culture that describes a clinical test metric describing a damage level to the tissue culture.