A incubator chamber comprises a base, lid and plurality of trays, each of which are stackable upon one another in an open or closed configuration. A clamp could be provided having an interior cavity sized and dimensioned to simultaneously receive a portion of a perimeter of each of a base and a lid.

A reaction device for a tiny organism includes a chamber, a first support plate, a second support plate and a separation plate. The tiny organism and a culture medium are added in the chamber. The first support plate is disposed on an opening of the chamber. The second support plate is disposed on one side opposite to the side on which the first support plate is disposed, and a third hole and a fourth hole separately correspond to a first hole and a second hole of the first support plate. A first end of the separation plate is located inside the chamber, the first end of the separation plate is spaced from the bottom of the chamber by a predetermined distance, a second end of the separation plate passes through the first support plate to connect to the second support plate.

The disclosure provides a system and a process for injecting and uniformly distributing a liquid into a fermentation broth in a bioreactor for maintaining stable condition within the fermentation broth. The system includes a downcomer section which contains two or more circular pipe conduits extending from a wall of the downcomer to the center vertical axis line of the downcomer. Liquid injection apertures are arranged along the circular pipe conduit and are non-uniformly spaced apart from the center vertical axis of the downcomer to the wall of the downcomer. The apertures further alternate and are offset between the top and bottom surfaces of the circular pipe conduit. The process of the disclosure involves using the system described above for carrying out a fermentation process for converting a C1-substrate to at least one product such as ethanol.

The present invention provides a method of producing hydrogen from a waste material, comprising steps of fermenting 100 a fermentation mixture comprising the waste material in a reactor 1 with a headspace 1a under anaerobic conditions, removing 200 hydrogen from a gas from the headspace 1a during fermentation to produce a hydrogen gas and a remainder gas and recirculating 300 at least a portion of the remainder gas back to the headspace 1a. An apparatus for producing hydrogen and recirculating at least a portion of the remainder gas to the headspace 1a is also provided.

Disclosed are methods and systems for propagating microorganisms such as yeast using a carbon source that includes glycerol and a nutrient source that includes a stillage component.

According to present disclosure, there is disclosed an algae growth and cultivation system that provides a cost-efficient means of producing algae biomass as feedstock for algae-based products, such as, biofuel manufacture, and desirably impacts alternative/renewable energy production, nutrient recovery from waste streams, and valued byproducts production. The system as discussed herein is an integrated systems approach to wastewater treatment, algal strains selection for byproducts production, and recycle of algal-oil extraction waste or additional algae harvested as feedstock for fertilizer production. Embodiments of a system as discussed herein present an economically viable algae production system and process that allows algae-derived products such as biofuels, fertilizer, etc. to compete with petroleum products in the marketplace.

According to present disclosure, there is disclosed an algae growth and cultivation system that provides a cost-efficient means of producing algae biomass as feedstock for algae-based products, such as, fertilizer, feed, biofuel manufacture, and desirably impacts, nutrient recovery from waste streams for valued byproducts production, recycle water, and alternative/renewable energy production. The system as discussed herein is an integrated systems approach to wastewater treatment, algal strains selection for byproducts production, and recycle of algal biomass-processing waste or additional algae harvested as feedstock for products such as fertilizer production. Embodiments of a system as discussed herein present an economically viable algae production system and process that allows algae-derived products such as fertilizer, feed, biofuels, etc. to compete with non-organic or petroleum products in the marketplace.

The invention discloses a photobioreactor featuring a microalgae cultivation chamber in the form of a closed flat duct irradiated by sunlight. The flat duct is constructed from an inflatable sleeve made of transparent polymer film. This inflatable sleeve is sandwiched between a bank of frames with wire nettings, plates of foamed plastic, a variable air pressure mattress located underneath the inflatable sleeve, and a thermo-insulating transparent inflatable mattress and glass panes above. The variable air pressure mattress facilitates mixing of the microalgae suspension with the gaseous medium containing carbon dioxide and regulates the temperature of the microalgae suspension in the flat duct.

A method of converting CO.sub.2 gas produced during industrial processes comprising contacting methanogenic archaea with the CO.sub.2 gas under suitable conditions to produce methane.

System and methods are provided for initiating a cell culture. The systems and methods include a first enclosure containing a thermal mass positioned on a surface area of a platform. The systems and methods include a second enclosure, containing a culture fluid and a gas mixture, placed on the first enclosure such that the first enclosure is positioned between the second enclosure and the platform. The systems and methods further include a cover secured on the second enclosure, and generating first thermal energy on the surface area of the platform and second thermal energy from the cover.