A bag assembly for use with a heat exchanger includes a flexible bag having of one or more sheets of polymeric material, the bag having a first end that bounds a first compartment and an opposing second end that bounds a second compartment, a support structure being disposed between the first compartment and the second compartment so that the first compartment is separated and isolated from the second compartment. A first inlet port, a first outlet port, and a first drain port are coupled with the flexible bag so as to communicate with the first compartment. A second inlet port, a second outlet port, and a second drain port are coupled with the flexible bag so as to communicate with the second compartment.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for recycling gas in a reactor. An example of gas-recycling system comprises: a housing, a gas conduit, and a powered propeller. The housing encloses a gas space and a liquid space, wherein the gas space is configured to collect gas within a reactor. The powered propeller comprises a shaft having an upper end and a lower end; and a plurality of radial blades connected to the lower end of the shaft. Upon rotation of the powered propeller, the powered propeller is configured to: generate a suction to cause the collected gas to flow from the gas space to the liquid space through the conduit; cause fluid of the reactor to flow in a direction from the upper end of the shaft to the lower end of the shaft; and mix the liquid and the collected gas proximate the powered propeller.

A method of growing algae in a cultivation container is disclosed. In some the method may include: circulating, via the cultivation container, in a closed loop, a first predetermined amount of gas mixture comprising a first type of gas and at least one second type of gas, the gas mixture may enter the container via one or more entrance spargers and exit via at least one exit pipe, the first type of gas may contain CO.sub.2 at a known first amount; receiving signal indicative of the amount of CO.sub.2 or H.sub.2S, in the gas mixture; when the signal indicates that the amount of CO.sub.2 drops below a first predetermined level or when the signal indicates that the amount of H.sub.2S rises above a first predetermined level, extracting a second predetermined amount of the gas mixture from the cultivation container: and adding an amount of the first type of gas to the gas mixture, equal to the second predetermined amount.

Provided are a culture apparatus and a culture method with which microalgae can be cultured satisfactorily. The culture apparatus includes a plurality of culture tanks and a water storage tank, and cultures microalgae in a culture solution. Each of the plurality of culture tanks has a translucent accommodating portion containing the culture solution and microalgae. The volumes of the accommodating portions of the plurality of culture tanks are different from each other. The water storage tank has a translucent water storage unit for storing a stored water. The plurality of culture tanks are selectively arranged in the water storage unit.

Microorganisms present within a plurality of microorganism clusters immobilized in a porous support material may collectively define a supported bio-catalyst. When the microorganisms are effective to convert methane into one or more oxidized carbon compounds (e.g., methanotrophic bacteria), the supported bio-catalysts may be utilized to remove methane from methane-containing gas streams, such as those obtained from mining ventilation. Methods for processing a methane-containing gas stream may comprise interacting the gas stream with the supported bio-catalyst in substantial absence of a liquid phase, and obtaining a methane-depleted gas stream downstream from the supported bio-catalyst. Systems for processing a methane-containing gas stream may comprise the supported bio-catalysts housed in one or more vessels fluidly coupled to a source of methane-containing gas stream. A gas concentration in the methane-containing gas stream and/or the methane-depleted gas stream may be used to determine a current state or anticipated remaining lifetime of the supported bio-catalyst.

The present application relates to a method for adaptive evolution of living cells by continuous culture of said living cells.

The invention relates to a method and to a device for feeding gases or gas mixtures into a liquid, suspension, or emulsion in a reactor in a specific manner. According to the invention, gases or gas mixtures are fed into a liquid, suspension, or emulsion in a reactor in a specific manner, wherein the gas or gas mixture is fed in a specific amount and/or at defined points in time in one pulse as a gas bubble into a flowing liquid in a tilted reactor system, whereby a pulsation effect is obtained, wherein a driving force is produced by means of an adiabatic relaxation of the fed-in gas or gas mixture, by means of which driving force wall adhesions on the reactor are prevented.

According to present disclosure, there is disclosed an algae growth and cultivation system that provides a cost-efficient means of producing algae biomass as feedstock for algae-based products, such as, biofuel manufacture, and desirably impacts alternative/renewable energy production, nutrient recovery from waste streams, and valued byproducts production. The system as discussed herein is an integrated systems approach to wastewater treatment, algal strains selection for byproducts production, and recycle of algal-oil extraction waste or additional algae harvested as feedstock for fertilizer production. Embodiments of a system as discussed herein present an economically viable algae production system and process that allows algae-derived products such as biofuels, fertilizer, etc. to compete with petroleum products in the marketplace.

A pressure buffering system includes a housing, a pump module, a pressure sensor and a pressure cylinder. The pump module, the pressure sensor and the pressure cylinder are disposed in the housing. The pressure cylinder is communicated between the pump module and the pressure sensor. A biological culture device is further provided.

An incubator for cell and tissue culture under controlled atmospheric conditions has a primary air flow control device that forms a primary, preferably laminar flow, air veil across an opening that allows access to the cells or tissue cultures disposed within the incubator. Preferably, most if not all of the air in the primary (laminar flow) air veil is recirculated, and a secondary air flow control device is used that forms a secondary, preferably laminar flow, air veil between the primary (laminar flow) air veil and a user of the incubator.