Disclosed is an in vitro exposure system that may radiate a uniform field having a constant wavefront to an experimental cell container and expose each cell container to a same electromagnetic field.

The processing apparatus 200 of the present disclosure includes: a laser irradiation unit 21 capable of applying a laser to the photothermal conversion layer 13 of the cell culture tool 100 including the cell culture base layer 11 and the photothermal conversion layer 13; and a control unit 22 for controlling the laser irradiation unit 21. The control unit 22 includes a setting section 221 and an irradiation control section 222. The setting section 221 sets an irradiation region to be irradiated with the laser in the cell culture tool 100. The irradiation control section 222 controls the laser irradiation unit 21 based on the irradiation region such that the laser irradiation unit 21 applies the laser to a corresponding region of the photothermal conversion layer 13.

A cell transfection apparatus may include a microfluidic chip. The microfluidic chip may include a fluid input port, a cell sorter to sort target cells from non-target cells in fluid received through the input port, a cell transfection region comprising a single cell electroporation region to receive the target cells sorted from the nontarget cells and a fluid ejector to dispense a transfected target cell received from the cell transfection region.

A cell and tissue sheet forming package includes a container body, a membrane, a sliding door plate and a sealing film. The sliding door plate is disposed slidably on a top of the container body to cover or expose the membrane. The sliding door plate has a hole and a passive magnetic assembly. The cell injection equipment includes a carrier, an injection mechanism and a drive mechanism. The carrier carries the package, and the drive mechanism moves the carrier and the injection mechanism to have the injection mechanism to inject a solution, through the hole, into the package. A heating element of the carrier is introduced to heat the membrane and the solution to transform the solution into a colloid sheet on the membrane. Then, the positive magnetic assembly engages magnetically the passive magnetic assembly to slide the sliding door plate to expose the colloid sheet on the membrane.

The present disclosure provides automated modules and instruments for improved detection of nuclease genome editing of live cells. The disclosure provides improved modules—including high throughput modules—for screening cells that have been subjected to editing and identifying and selecting cells that have been properly edited.

A method for the substantially complete conversion of hydrogenous matter to higher value product, the method comprising: (i) subjecting the hydrogenous matter to a substantially complete deconstruction process in which an aqueous phase containing a multiplicity of deconstructed compounds is produced; and (ii) contacting the aqueous phase with an anode of a microbial electrolysis cell, said anode containing a community of microbes thereon which oxidatively degrade one or more of the oxygenated organic compounds in the aqueous phase to produce protons and free electrons at the anode, wherein the protons and free electrons are transported to the cathode to produce hydrogen gas or a valuable reduced organic compound at the cathode upon application of a suitable cell potential across the anode and cathode. The invention is also directed to an apparatus for practicing the method described above.

Embodiments described herein provide systems for inducing a desired response in an organism by controlling the duty cycle, wavelength band and frequency of photon bursts to an organism, through the photon modulation of one or more photon pulse trains in conjunction with one or more different photon pulse trains to the organism and duty cycle, where the photon modulation and duty cycle is based upon the specific needs of the organism. Devices for inducing a desired response in an organism such as growth, destruction or repair through the photon modulation of one or more photon pulse trains in conjunction with one or more different photon pulse trains to the organism are also provided. Further provided are methods for the optimization of organism growth, destruction or repair through the use of high frequency modulation of photons of individual color spectrums.

Systems and methods are disclosed herein for use in transducing, activating, and otherwise treating cells. Cells are introduced into an inner layer of a multi-layered stack that defines at least one flow chamber and a plurality of cell entrainment regions. Vertical flow through the stack entrains the cells in the cell entrainment regions along with genetic information introduction agents or other additives, before the cells are washed using a reverse vertical flow and are collected from the device.

Transfer of genetic and other materials to cells is conducted in a hands-free, automated and continuous process that includes flowing the cells between electroporation electrodes to facilitate delivery of a payload into the cells, while acoustophoretically focusing the cells. Also described is a control method for the acoustophoretic focusing of cells that includes detecting locations of cells flowing through a channel, such as with an image analytics system, and modulating a drive signal to an acoustic transducer to change the locations of the cells flowing in the channel. Finally, an electroporation driver module is described that uses a digital to analog converter for generating an electroporation waveform and an amplifier for amplifying the electroporation waveform for application to electroporation electrodes.

Therapeutic extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing high copies of functional nucleic acids and other biomolecules are produced in large quantities by laying donor cells on a surface of a chip, adding various plasmids, other transfection vectors and their combinations to a buffer on the chip, applying a pulsulatic electric field across the cells laid on top of the chip surface and plasmids/vectors buffer solution below the chip surface, and collecting the EVs secreted by the transfected cells. The chip surface has a three-dimensional (3D) nanochannel electroporation (NEP) biochip formed on it, capable of handling large quantities of the donor cells. The buffer is adapted for receiving plasmids and other transfection vectors.