The present invention refers to a method to convert H2 and CO2 into methane by methanogenic microorganisms in a bioreactor in a continuous production process for methane enriched gas compositions, while recycling of at least one ammonia compound and/or recycling of electrons, wherein water (H2O) serves as the carrier for electrons. Metabolic water is removed to keep concentrations constant and purified for feeding to electrolyzer to generate hydrogen for supply to methanation reaction to reduce need for freshwater and ammonia to be supplied.

Systems and methods for reducing a target molecule in a fluid are described. A fluid, such as a gas, may be contacted with a fluid capable of binding with the target molecules and removing the target molecules from the fluid. For example, emissions from a production process may be contacted with water to remove volatile organic compound (VOCs), thereby reducing the VOCs in the emissions. The fluid with bound target molecules may form a target fluid that may be discharged from the system or may be reused until the concentration of the target molecules in the target fluid reaches a threshold concentration. An illustrative production process is the fermentation of wine, which produces an off-gas that includes VOCs, such as ethanol. The systems and methods for reducing a target molecule may significantly reduce or even eliminate the amount of ethanol in the fermentation off-gas.

Several embodiments of the invention relate generally to a system and methods for the treatment of gaseous emissions comprising methane and one or more non-methane compounds that can influence the metabolism of methane-oxidizing microorganisms. In several embodiments, there is provided a system and methods for the treatment of methane emissions through the use of methanotrophic microorganisms to generate functionally consistent and harvestable products. Certain embodiments of the invention are particularly advantageous because they reduce environmentally-destructive methane emissions and produce harvestable end-products.

Systems and methods provide a self-contained sealed apparatus that captures, filters, compresses and stores methane gas produced by the decomposition of bio-degradable organic materials. The system includes a rotatable and sealable chamber with an intermittent drive unit that mixes moist bio-degradable material during an anaerobic reaction, and captures methane gas generated by anaerobic decomposition. A filter to remove impurities, a low-pressure storage tank, a compressor and a high-pressure storage tank are interconnected and controlled by a system that monitors system parameters, that may include gas flow rate, temperature, and gas volume, and controls system parameters, that may include drive unit activation, generator operation, and compressor operation.

The invention discloses an automatic off-line gas-water combined-washing membrane bioreactor, comprising a PLC automation control cabinet, a MBR reactor, a MBR membrane assembly, a rotating hood, an annular guide rail, a lifting device, a washing pipe network, an external interface, a gas washing pipe, a water washing pipe, a gas pump and a water pump, wherein the gas pump, the water pump and the three-way change valve are all connected with the PLC automation control cabinet, the washing pipe network is provided with several nozzles. The present invention adopts a full PLC automation control system, the PLC automation control cabinet controls a pressure washing pump (gas pump and water pump), and gas or water is injected into the washing pipe network by flexibly adjusting the three-way change valve, so that the operation is simple, the cleaning is complete, and the manual operation load is reduced.

Provided is a method for treatment of gas mixtures and an apparatus for carrying out a method for treatment of raw gas mixtures. More particularly, there is provided a method and an apparatus for treatment of gas mixtures, such as biogas or flare gas, and in particular to a method and an apparatus for removing contaminants, in particular H.sub.2S, from a gas mixture containing CH.sub.4 and H.sub.2S.

The present invention relates to a process for producing biomethane suitable for supplying a natural gas network that incorporates a process for providing heat for heating the biogas production step, the process comprising at least steps of producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation of organic matter, of pretreating and compressing the biogas and also of permeation in order to obtain, after a first separation by permeation, a stream of biomethane and a gaseous permeate having a reduced methane content; the process additionally provides the heat necessary for the anaerobic fermentation step via a boiler using the retentate from a second permeation step fed by the permeate from the first separation.

The present invention relates to a process for fermenting Yarrowia in a bioreactor, comprising cultivating Yarrowia in a medium, and adding a feed comprising formic acid and a sugar to the medium in a molar ratio of formic acid to sugar of 1 to 13 mol formic acid/mol monosaccharide.

A method for providing upgraded biogas includes feeding a stream of biogas into a biogas upgrading system in order to remove carbon dioxide from the stream of biogas. The biogas upgrading system, which may be based on absorption, adsorption, membrane permeation, and/or cryogenics, provides a stream of upgraded biogas and a tail gas stream. The tail gas stream, which may be CO.sub.2-rich, is enriched with natural gas so that it is combustible in medium-BTU equipment. The upgraded biogas is used for transportation use and/or the generation of fuel credits. Accordingly, both the tail gas and the upgraded biogas are used effectively and at lower cost.

Provided is an eco-friendly heliostat odor removal system, including: a solar cell which collects sunlight to generate electricity; an effective microorganism activation and cultivation box which purifies inflow contaminated air using an effective microorganism cultivation solution accommodated in a housing; a sunlight tracker which rotates or moves the solar cell to track the sun in accordance with an altitude of the sun; a controller which controls the effective microorganism activation and cultivation box and the sunlight tracker; and a battery storing unit which stores the electricity generated in the solar cell. Therefore, the power is supplied in an eco-friendly manner using solar heat energy and contaminated air is efficiently removed from industrial sites or a region where other odor is continuously generated by the effective microorganism cultivation solution.