Provided herein are compositions and methods that can remove, metabolize, or degrade a hydrocarbon in an area that is contaminated by hydrocarbons. Methods for bioremediation of an area such as an area of land, a body of water, or a shoreline that are contaminated by a hydrocarbon, such as from a crude oil spill are also described. The compositions and methods described herein can be used on natural flora and fauna as well as manmade materials that are contaminated by a hydrocarbon.

Provided herein are compositions and methods that can remove, metabolize, or degrade a hydrocarbon in an area that is contaminated by hydrocarbons. Methods for bioremediation of an area such as an area of land, a body of water, or a shoreline that are contaminated by a hydrocarbon, such as from a crude oil spill are also described. The compositions and methods described herein can be used on natural flora and fauna as well as manmade materials that are contaminated by a hydrocarbon.

Provided herein are compositions and methods that can remove, metabolize, or degrade a hydrocarbon in an area that is contaminated by hydrocarbons. Methods for bioremediation of an area such as an area of land, a body of water, or a shoreline that are contaminated by a hydrocarbon, such as from a crude oil spill are also described. The compositions and methods described herein can be used on natural flora and fauna as well as manmade materials that are contaminated by a hydrocarbon.

Provided herein are compositions and methods that can remove, metabolize, or degrade a hydrocarbon in an area that is contaminated by hydrocarbons. Methods for bioremediation of an area such as an area of land, a body of water, or a shoreline that are contaminated by a hydrocarbon, such as from a crude oil spill are also described. The compositions and methods described herein can be used on natural flora and fauna as well as manmade materials that are contaminated by a hydrocarbon.

A process for the manufacture and use of pancreatin in which the concentration of one or more biological contaminants is reduced, such as viruses and/or bacteria, through heating the pancreatin at a temperature of at least 85 C. for a period of less than about 48 hours.

A process for the manufacture and use of pancreatin in which the concentration of one or more biological contaminants is reduced, such as viruses and/or bacteria, through heating the pancreatin at a temperature of at least 85 C. for a period of less than about 48 hours.

Provided herein are two-step, multi-step and double precipitation processes used to prepare HA-pancreatin having a specific lipase activity of at least 120 USP IU/mg. The present two-step processes include suspending pancreatin in an aqueous solvent and adding an organic solvent with a Hildebrand solubility parameter between about 38 and 45 (MPa).sup.0.5 to precipitate HA-pancreatin. The present multi-step processes produce HA-pancreatin using additional solvents. Double precipitation processes are directed to the use of solvents having different Hildebrand solubility parameters to produce HA-pancreatin product for use as a therapeutic agent.

Provided herein are two-step, multi-step and double precipitation processes used to prepare HA-pancreatin having a specific lipase activity of at least 120 USP IU/mg. The present two-step processes include suspending pancreatin in an aqueous solvent and adding an organic solvent with a Hildebrand solubility parameter between about 38 and 45 (MPa).sup.0.5 to precipitate HA-pancreatin. The present multi-step processes produce HA-pancreatin using additional solvents. Double precipitation processes are directed to the use of solvents having different Hildebrand solubility parameters to produce HA-pancreatin product for use as a therapeutic agent.

An immobilized enzyme Pickering emulsion reaction system and application thereof are provided, comprising immobilized enzymes with a mesoporous nanomaterial carrier, an oil phase and an aqueous phase for forming an emulsion, wherein the emulsion has a particle diameter of 10-80 m, which uses a reaction raw material as the oil phase, uses a butler solution as the aqueous phase, and uses the immobilized enzymes with the mesoporous nanomaterial carrier as both the catalyst and the emulsifier. Compared with conventional emulsions with additional organic reagents or emulsifiers, catalytic activity and stability the Pickering emulsion enzymatic reaction system of the present invention have been significantly improved. Products are easy to separate and purify, easy to reuse, and easy to scale up. The present invention has wider application scope, which is more conducive to environmental protection.

An immobilized enzyme Pickering emulsion reaction system and application thereof are provided, comprising immobilized enzymes with a mesoporous nanomaterial carrier, an oil phase and an aqueous phase for forming an emulsion, wherein the emulsion has a particle diameter of 10-80 m, which uses a reaction raw material as the oil phase, uses a butler solution as the aqueous phase, and uses the immobilized enzymes with the mesoporous nanomaterial carrier as both the catalyst and the emulsifier. Compared with conventional emulsions with additional organic reagents or emulsifiers, catalytic activity and stability the Pickering emulsion enzymatic reaction system of the present invention have been significantly improved. Products are easy to separate and purify, easy to reuse, and easy to scale up. The present invention has wider application scope, which is more conducive to environmental protection.