An immobilized enzymatic reactor can include a wall defining a chamber having an inlet and an outlet; a solid stationary phase covalently linked to an enzyme and disposed within the chamber; and a pressure modulator in a fluid communication with the chamber and adapted to support continuous flow of a liquid sample comprising a polymer analyte through the inlet, over the solid stationary phase, and out of the outlet under a pressure between about 2,500 and 35,000 psi. In one example, the solid stationary phase includes inorganic/organic hybrid particles in an ultra performance liquid chromatography system, the enzyme is a protease, and the polymer analyte is a polypeptide. The immobilized enzymatic reactor can prepare an analyte for applications such as for hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry.

A biodegradable foam which includes a poly-ester-based polyurethane foam and a mixture comprised of a soil-dwelling carbon-digesting bacteria embedded in a carrier compound. The mixture of the soil-dwelling carbon-digesting bacteria is homogenously dispersed throughout the polyester-based polyurethane foam. This biodegradable foam exhibits biodegradation rates higher than a polyester-based polyurethane foam absent the soil-dwelling carbon-digesting bacteria.

The present invention provides methods for the cultivation of the Methylobacterium genus of bacteria. In particular the method provides methods for the efficient and inexpensive cultivation of these bacteria. Additionally, the invention provides methods for the utilization of these bacterial cultures to improve plant agriculture.

The present invention provides methods for the cultivation of the Methylobacterium genus of bacteria. In particular the method provides methods for the efficient and inexpensive cultivation of these bacteria. Additionally, the invention provides methods for the utilization of these bacterial cultures to improve plant agriculture.

A method for preparing a cell membrane-coated nano topological array and a use thereof are disclosed. The method includes: stimulating macrophages to form stimulated macrophages, and extracting the membrane of the stimulated macrophages; at the same time, processing a substrate to form a substrate with nanowires, and treating the substrate with nanowires to form a positively charged nanowire substrate; combining the membrane of the stimulated macrophages with the positively charged nanowire substrate to obtain a macrophage membrane-modified nano topological array. The present invention is simple in preparation and operation, and can be applied to capture bacteria.

A method for preparing a cell membrane-coated nano topological array and a use thereof are disclosed. The method includes: stimulating macrophages to form stimulated macrophages, and extracting the membrane of the stimulated macrophages; at the same time, processing a substrate to form a substrate with nanowires, and treating the substrate with nanowires to form a positively charged nanowire substrate; combining the membrane of the stimulated macrophages with the positively charged nanowire substrate to obtain a macrophage membrane-modified nano topological array. The present invention is simple in preparation and operation, and can be applied to capture bacteria.

The invention is directed to compositions and methods for the manufacture of pigmented solids structures for which can be used for construction and/or decoration. Manufacturing comprises fixing one or more pigments to an aggregate material such as crushed rock, stone or sand. The pigmented aggregate is incubated with urease or urease producing microorganisms, an amount of a nitrogen source such as urea, and an amount of calcium source such as calcium chloride forming calcite bridges between particles of aggregate. The resulting solid has a hardness and colorfastness for most any construction material. Using selected aggregate and pigment, the process also provides for the manufacture of simulated-stone materials such as clay or granite bricks or blocks, marble counter-tops, and more. The invention is also directed to composition containing microorganisms and pigment as kits that can be added to most any aggregate materials.

The invention is directed to compositions and methods for the manufacture of pigmented solids structures for which can be used for construction and/or decoration. Manufacturing comprises fixing one or more pigments to an aggregate material such as crushed rock, stone or sand. The pigmented aggregate is incubated with urease or urease producing microorganisms, an amount of a nitrogen source such as urea, and an amount of calcium source such as calcium chloride forming calcite bridges between particles of aggregate. The resulting solid has a hardness and colorfastness for most any construction material. Using selected aggregate and pigment, the process also provides for the manufacture of simulated-stone materials such as clay or granite bricks or blocks, marble counter-tops, and more. The invention is also directed to composition containing microorganisms and pigment as kits that can be added to most any aggregate materials.

An allergen inactivation method includes an inactivation step of inactivating an allergen present in a reaction system by reduction via a reduced redox protein, and a reduction process of reducing an oxidized redox protein produced by oxidation of the reduced redox protein in the inactivating to the reduced redox protein by donating an electron from an electrode connected to an external power supply outside the reaction system to the oxidized redox protein.

An allergen inactivation method includes an inactivation step of inactivating an allergen present in a reaction system by reduction via a reduced redox protein, and a reduction process of reducing an oxidized redox protein produced by oxidation of the reduced redox protein in the inactivating to the reduced redox protein by donating an electron from an electrode connected to an external power supply outside the reaction system to the oxidized redox protein.