The present disclosure provides a heat-stress related gene ZmHsf11 and an application of the gene in regulating heat resistance of plants. The present disclosure belongs to the field of biotechnology. The present disclosure reports for the first time a heat resistance negative regulation related gene ZmHsf11 and its protein. In the present invention, it is found that the expression of ZmHsf11 gene can be induced by adverse stresses such as high temperatures. By overexpressing the gene in rice and identifying functions of the gene, it is found that a survival rate of the overexpressed rice plant under the heat treatment is significantly reduced after overexpression. By identifying functions of the ZmHsf11 mutant plant obtained in the present invention, the heat resistance of the mutant plant is significantly increased after the heat treatment.

The present disclosure provides gene expression systems and methods for producing and/or overexpressing heterologous polypeptides in eukaryotic cells. Kits for practicing the methods are also disclosed.

Provided herein are nucleic acids useful as guide nucleic acids (gNAs), e.g., guide ribonucleic acids (gRNAs), in a CRISPR system wherein the guide nucleic acids contain one or more modifications to one or more nucleotides, use of such guide nucleic acids in modifying cells, and other uses wherein CRISPR Cas proteins are utilized.

Methods of modulating expression of a target nucleic acid in a cell are provided including use of multiple orthogonal Cas9 proteins to simultaneously and independently regulate corresponding genes or simultaneously and independently edit corresponding genes.

The invention relates to methods of modulating immune cells in a patient by altering microbiota of the patient. The invention also relates to methods of modulating treatments or therapies in a subject organism by altering microbiota of the subject. The invention also relates to cell populations, systems, arrays, cells, RNA, kits and other means for effecting this. In an example, advantageously selective targeting of a particular species in a human gut microbiota using guided nucleic acid modification is carried out to effect the alteration.

The disclosure relates to gene expression modulation elements from plants and TATA box sequences and their use in modulating the expression of one or more heterologous nucleic acid fragments in plants. The disclosure further discloses compositions, polynucleotide constructs, transformed host cells, plants and seeds containing the expression modulating elements and TATA box sequences, and methods for preparing and using the same.

The present disclosure is generally related to modified Gram positive bacterial cells producing increased amounts of one or more protein(s) of interest and modified Gram positive bacterial cells having increased genetic competency. Thus, certain embodiments of the disclosure are directed to modified Gram positive bacterial cells expressing an increased amount of a protein of interest, relative to an unmodified (parental) Gram positive bacterial cell expressing the same protein of interest, wherein the modified bacterial cell comprises at least one mutation in a rpoC gene encoding a variant RNA-polymerase (RNAP) β′-subunit polypeptide. In certain embodiments, the rpoC gene encoding the variant β′-subunit polypeptide is integrated into the chromosome of the modified cell. In other embodiments, the rpoC gene encoding the variant β′-subunit polypeptide is comprised on an extrachromosomal plasmid introduced into the modified cell. In other embodiments, the disclosure is directed to competent Bacillus host cells comprising at least one copy of a nucleic acid construct encoding a modified rpoC polypeptide comprising 90% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 8 and an aspartic acid to glycine substitution at position 796 of SEQ ID NO: 8, wherein the polynucleotide encoding the rpoC polypeptide is foreign to the Bacillus host cell that was non-competent prior to the introduction of the first nucleic acid construct.

The invention relates to double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) compositions targeting the HSD17B13 gene, as well as methods of inhibiting expression of HSD17B13, and methods of treating subjects that would benefit from reduction in expression of HSD17B13, such as subjects having a HSD17B13-associated disease, disorder, or condition, using such dsRNA compositions.

Immunogenic modulators and compositions comprising oligonucleotide agents capable of inhibiting suppression of immune response by reducing expression of one or more gene involved with an immune response suppression mechanism.

Provided herein are systems and methods for the controlling the spatial positioning of a target polynucleotide in a compartment of a cell.