Embodiments of the disclosure include methods and compositions related to prevention of spontaneous miscarriage in an individual. In certain cases, fibroblasts are provided in an effective amount to an individual in need thereof. Alternatively or in addition, lymphocytes are obtained, cultured with fibroblasts, and provided to an individual. Fibroblasts may modulate an immune response in an individual, thereby reducing the risk of spontaneous miscarriage.

Provided are mesenchymal stromal cells as a reprogramming source for ipsc induction. In particular, Provided is a method for generating induced mesnchyaml stromal cells (iMSCs), the iMSC generated by the method as well as the use thereof.

Disclosed herein are induced hepatocytes from a trophoblast stem cell, methods for inducing the cells, and compositions thereof. Also disclosed herein are methods of treating a disease or disorder (e.g., liver-associated) by utilizing an induced hepatocyte disclosed herein.

Methods and compositions disclosed herein relate to cancer immunotherapy, in particular preparation and use of antigen-specific T lymphocytes for immune cell therapies. Methods and compositions disclosed herein relate to the production of antigen-presenting cells and their use cell therapy and vaccines and, in particular, the preparation and use of antigen-specific T lymphocytes for cancer immunotherapies.

The present invention relates methods and compositions for preventing or treating various immune diseases including graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) using populations or compositions of immunoregulatory T cells specific for an irrelevant antigen; such cells being activated in vivo by a simultaneous, separate or sequential administration of said antigen.

Methods for production of platelets from pluripotent stem cells, such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are provided. These methods may be performed without forming embryoid bodies or clusters of pluripotent stem cells, and may be performed without the use of stromal inducer cells. Additionally, the yield and/or purity can be greater than has been reported for prior methods of producing platelets from pluripotent stem cells. Also provided are compositions and pharmaceutical preparations comprising platelets, preferably produced from pluripotent stem cells.

Embodiments of the disclosure include methods and compositions for treatment or reduction in risk of coagulopathy of any kind, including associated with inflammation. In specific embodiments, the coagulopathy is associated with upregulated production of tissue factor in the individual. In specific embodiments, the coagulopathy is in an individual that has SARS-CoV-2 infection or is at risk for having SARS-CoV-2 infection. In specific embodiments, the methods and compositions include fibroblasts, and/or modified fibroblasts, and/or derivatives of fibroblasts, including those fibroblasts exposed to TNF-alpha or one or more other inflammatory agents before activation of the fibroblasts.

The present application is directed to compositions and methods for treating a subject with cancer and/or increasing migration of a mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) stimulated with a recombinant autocrine motility factor (rAMF) to a tumor or a tumor cell, e.g. hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, methods for increasing adhesion of MSCs to endothelial cells with rAMF are disclosed. In some embodiments, the MSCs comprise a therapeutic agent, e.g., an anti-tumor agent.

A method for expanding a population of γδ T-cells is provided in which isolated activated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) are cultured in a medium comprising transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) under conditions in which the production of effector γδ T-cells having therapeutic activity against malignant disease is favored. The use of TGF-β in the production of effector cells in particular Vγ9Vδ2 T-cells is also described and claimed.

The invention provides compositions and in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro methods for trans-differentiation of or re-programming mammalian cells to functional neurons. In particular, the invention provides methods for engineering non-neuronal cells into neurons, including fully functional human neuronal cells, and methods for engineering non-neuronal cells into neurons, e.g., fully functional human neuronal cells, in the brain to treat a neurodegenerative disease. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions comprising re-differentiated or re-programmed mammalian cells, such as human cells, of the invention. The invention also provides compositions and methods for direct reprogramming of cells to a second phenotype or differentiated phenotype, such as a neuron, including a fully functional human neuronal cell. The invention also provides formulations, products of manufacture, implants, artificial organs or tissues, or kits, comprising a trans-differentiated or re-programmed cell of the invention, e.g., a fully functional human neuronal cell.