The present invention generally relates to novel preparations of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived from hemangioblasts, methods for obtaining such MSCs, and method sof treating a pathology using such MSCs. The methods of the present invention produce substantial numbers of MSCs having a potency-retaining youthful phenotype, which are useful in the treatment of pathologies.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a method for obtaining Schwann cells directly (by direct reprogramming) without passing through pluripotent stem cells, such as ES cells or iPS cells. As a means for solving this problem, the present invention provides a method for preparing Schwann cells that includes a step of introducing into somatic cells of a mammal at least one gene selected from the group consisting of SOX10 genes and KROX20 genes, or an expression product thereof.

This disclosure relates to methods, polynucleotides, vectors, viral particles, cells, and systems or the engineering of human tissues. One aspect of the disclosure relates to using lineage-specific miRNA binding molecules to bias tissue lineage. Another aspect of the disclosure relates to using lineage-specific transcription factor overexpression to bias tissue lineage.

The slow kinetics and low efficiency of reprogramming methods to generate human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) impose major limitations on their utility in biomedical applications. Here we describe a chemical approach that dramatically improves (>200 fold) the efficiency of iPSC generation from human fibroblasts, within seven days of treatment. This will provide a basis for developing safer, more efficient, non-viral methods for reprogramming human somatic cells.

The present invention relates to a composition for inducing dedifferentiation form somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSs) and method of inducing dedifferentiation using same, wherein the composition for inducing dedifferentiation and the method of inducing dedifferentiation increases the efficiency of dedifferentiation from somatic cells to iPSs by stimulating CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), which is a receptor on human somatic ells, and thus may be effectively used for inducing the dedifferentiation to iPSs.

Provided herein are methods and systems for bio-printing of three-dimensional organs and organoids. Also provided herein are bio-printed three-dimensional organs and organoids for use in the generation and/or the assessment of immunological products and/or immune responses. Also provided herein are methods and system for bio-printing three-dimensional matrices.

The present invention provides a method of constituting a tissue construct in vitro using a tissue without depending on scaffold materials.

A method of integrating a biological tissue with a vascular system in vitro, comprising coculturing a biological tissue with vascular cells and mesenchymal cells. A biological tissue which has been integrated with a vascular system by the above-described method. A method of preparing a tissue or an organ, comprising transplanting the biological tissue described above into a non-human animal and differentiating the biological tissue into a tissue or an organ in which vascular networks have been constructed. A method of regeneration or function recovery of a tissue or an organ, comprising transplanting the biological tissue described above into a human or a non-human animal and differentiating the biological tissue into a tissue or an organ in which vascular networks have been constructed. A method of preparing a non-human chimeric animal, comprising transplanting the biological tissue described above into a non-human animal and differentiating the biological tissue into a tissue or organ in which vascular networks have been constructed. A method of evaluating a drug, comprising using at least one member selected from the group consisting of the biological tissue described above, the tissue or organ prepared by the method described above, and the non-human chimeric animal prepared by the method described above. A composition for regenerative medicine, comprising a biological tissue which has been integrated with a vascular system by the method described above.

The present invention is a method of creating a population of hemogenic endothelial cells with arterial specification and enhanced T cell potential. In one embodiment, the method uses ETS transgene induction at the mesodermal stage of differentiation. In another embodiment, the method activates ERK and NOTCH signaling at the mesodermal stage of differentiation.

Embodiments of the disclosure provide methods and compositions related to improving cardiomyocyte production by exposing starting cells to ETV2 and/or VEGF. The starting cells in specific embodiments are fibroblasts and/or endothelial cells, and following exposure to ETV2 and/or VEGF the resultant cells are exposed to one or more cardiomyocyte transdifferentiation factors, such as GATA4, myocyte enhancer factor-2c (Mef2c), T-box transcription factor 5 (TBX5), or a combination thereof. The produced cardiomyocytes are provided to individuals in need thereof, in particular embodiments.

Provided herein are methods and systems for bio-printing of three-dimensional organs and organoids. Also provided herein are bio-printed three-dimensional organs and organoids for use in the generation and/or the assessment of immunological products and/or immune responses. Also provided herein are methods and system for bio-printing three-dimensional matrices.