The present disclosure relates to a placenta-derived cell-conditioned medium for inducing dedifferentiation into induced pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells and a method for inducing dedifferentiation using the same. When the placenta-derived cell-conditioned medium for inducing dedifferentiation according to the present disclosure is employed, personalized dedifferentiation stem cells can be stably established using a medium composed of human-derived products only. Provision of a human placenta-derived environment similarly represents an in vivo environment and allows the production of a cell therapy product without problems for clinical application.

The nuclear reprogramming of somatic cells with mRNA encoding reprogramming factors is shown to be greatly accelerated by activation of innate immune responses in the somatic cell. Methods of activating innate immunity include activation of PKR, of toll-like receptors, e.g. TLR3, etc. In some embodiments the mRNA provides the activator of innate immunity.

The present invention provides for methods, compositions, and kits for producing an induced pluripotent stem cell from a non-pluripotent mammalian cell using a 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) activator or a compound that promotes glycolytic metabolism as well as other small molecules.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a method for obtaining Schwann cells directly (by direct reprogramming) without passing through pluripotent stem cells, such as ES cells or iPS cells. As a means for solving this problem, the present invention provides a method for preparing Schwann cells that includes a step of introducing into somatic cells of a mammal at least one gene selected from the group consisting of SOX10 genes and KROX20 genes, or an expression product thereof.

Provided herein are methods and systems for bio-printing of three-dimensional organs and organoids. Also provided herein are bio-printed three-dimensional organs and organoids for use in the generation and/or the assessment of immunological products and/or immune responses. Also provided herein are methods and system for bio-printing three-dimensional matrices.

A method of vascularising a cell aggregate on a microfluidic device, microfluidic cell culture devices comprising perfusable vascular networks and kits and assays using the microfluidic cell culture devices are described. The microfluidic devices comprise one or more capillary pressure barriers allowing for formation of an extracellular matrix gel within a confined area of the network, in which cells can be cultured for different uses.

Provided are methods for making highly dedifferentiated and stem-like human cells from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) ectopically expressing integrin 3. Also provided are methods for making ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm cells from HUVECs ectopically expressing integrin 3. Also provided are methods for making neural cells, or cells having neuronal-like morphology, from HUVECs ectopically expressing integrin 3. Provided are methods for making cardiomyocytes, or cells having cardiomyocyte-like morphology, from HUVECs ectopically expressing integrin 3. Provided are methods for the production of pluripotent stem cells comprising expressing integrin 3 in primary human endothelial cells. In alternative embodiments, provided are methods for inducing v3 clustering, and to accelerate or facilitate angiogenesis, tissue remodeling or repair, or wound healing, for example, to accelerate healing after an infarction.

The nuclear reprogramming of somatic cells with mRNA encoding reprogramming factors is shown to be greatly accelerated by activation of innate immune responses in the somatic cell. Methods of activating innate immunity include activation of PKR, of toll-like receptors, e.g. TLR3, etc. In some embodiments the mRNA provides the activator of innate immunity.

Provided herein are methods and systems for bio-printing of three-dimensional organs and organoids. Also provided herein are bio-printed three-dimensional organs and organoids for use in the generation and/or the assessment of immunological products and/or immune responses. Also provided herein are methods and system for bio-printing three-dimensional matrices.

The present invention relates to a composition for inducing dedifferentiation form somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSs) and method of inducing dedifferentiation using same, wherein the composition for inducing dedifferentiation and the method of inducing dedifferentiation increases the efficiency of dedifferentiation from somatic cells to iPSs by stimulating CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), which is a receptor on human somatic cells, and thus may be effectively used for inducing the dedifferentiation to iPSs.