The present invention relates to liposomal vaccine compositions, methods for the manufacture thereof, and methods for the use thereof to stimulate an immune response in an animal. These compositions comprise dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC); either dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (DMPG) or dimyristoyltrimethylammonium propane (DMTAP) or both DMPC and DMTAP; and at least one sterol derivative providing a covalent anchor for one or more immunogenic polypeptide(s) or carbohydrate(s).

The present invention relates to liposomal vaccine compositions, methods for the manufacture thereof, and methods for the use thereof to stimulate an immune response in an animal. These compositions comprise dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC); either dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (DMPG) or dimyristoyltrimethylammonium propane (DMTAP) or both DMPC and DMTAP; and at least one sterol derivative providing a covalent anchor for one or more immunogenic polypeptide(s) or carbohydrate(s).

This invention relates to the production of RNA by co-expressing a tRNA ligase and a chimeric RNA molecule comprising a target RNA and a plant viroid scaffold, such as Eggplant latent viroid, in a host cell. This co-expression causes the production of large amounts of the chimeric RNA molecule in the host cells and may be useful for example in the production of RNA aptamers and other RNA molecules.

This application relates in part to nanoparticles comprising a tobamovirus and nanoparticles comprising a tobamovirus and beta-cyclodextrin (-CD or BCD). This application also relates in part to nanoparticles comprising tobamovirus and one or more active ingredients (AIs) that are non-covalently conjugated to the tobamovirus. The application also provides methods of making and methods of using such nanoparticles as well as compositions comprising the disclosed nanoparticles.