The present invention relates to a Plasmid Addiction System for the stabilization of expression plasmids encoding proteins of interest. The invention uses a succinate cycle optimization to ensure the expression of plasmid(s) of interest. By ensuring that plasmids of interest contain genes necessary in the succinate cycle, the system ensures that the passage of the plasmid to daughters and therefore improves the efficiency of production and expression of genes and/or products of interest.

Provided is a method for producing microglia, including: Step (S1) of inducing differentiation of hemangioblasts to obtain microglial progenitor cells; and Step (S2) of inducing differentiation of the microglial progenitor cells to obtain microglia, in which, in the step of obtaining microglial progenitor cells, expression of PU.1 transcription factor encoded by an exogenous gene is induced, and culture is carried out in the presence of FGF2, SCF, IL-3, IL-6, VEGF, and Wnt inhibitor.

The present invention relates to viral particles which exhibit self-regulatory or regulatable features.

The present invention provides an expression element and an expression cassette to establish a novel vector therefrom. The expression element of the present invention has an effect of enhancing the expression level of the target gene so that is highly industrial valuable. Accordingly, the present vector is taken as a novel tool for genetic engineering.

Compositions and methods for modulating root hair production and stress responses in plants are provided.

Methods of making synthetic yeast cells by mating together two diploid (or higher ploidy) yeast species or hybrids to generate multi-ploid yeast hybrids are provided herein. The synthetic yeast cells made by this process and kits for performing the process are also provided.

In an aspect, the present invention relates generally to RNA control devices, destabilizing elements (DE), Solute Carrier Transporters (SLC), and/or control regions where some or all of these control elements are ligand matched. In another aspect, the present invention relates to ligand matched control regions, SLCs and/or control devices that produce control systems with desired properties. In a further aspect, the present invention relates to use of these control systems to control expression of transgenes in eukaryotic cells including, for example, stem cells, hematopoietic cells, and host cells for gene therapy.

UO.sub.2F.sub.2 biosensors, and related U-sensing and/or F-sensing genetic molecular components, genetic circuits, compositions, methods and systems are described, which in several embodiments can be used to detect and/or neutralize uranium and in particular bioavailable UO.sub.2F.sub.2.

Provided herein, in some aspects, are methods and compositions for cell-free production of ribonucleic acid.

The present invention relates to the field of fungal biotechnology, more particularly to a strong inducible gene expression system in fungal species, such as a species of the Rhodosporidium genus or the Rhodotorula genus.