The invention describes a methodology for production of a secondary extra-particle fungal matrix for application as a mycological material, manufactured via a Type II actively aerated static packed-bed bioreactor. A pre-conditioned air stream is passed through a substrate of discrete elements inoculated with a filamentous fungus to form an isotropic inter-particle hyphal matrix between the discrete elements. Continued feeding of the air through the substrate of discrete elements and isotropic inter-particle hyphal matrixes develops an extra-particle hyphal matrix that extends from an isotropic inter-particle hyphal matrix in the direction of airflow into a void space within the vessel.

The invention describes a methodology for production of a secondary extra-particle fungal matrix for application as a mycological material, manufactured via a Type II actively aerated static packed-bed bioreactor. A pre-conditioned air stream is passed through a substrate of discrete elements inoculated with a filamentous fungus to form an isotropic inter-particle hyphal matrix between the discrete elements. Continued feeding of the air through the substrate of discrete elements and isotropic inter-particle hyphal matrixes develops an extra-particle hyphal matrix that extends from an isotropic inter-particle hyphal matrix in the direction of airflow into a void space within the vessel.

The invention provides a genetically modified micro-organism for intracellular biosynthesis of a cellular metabolite, comprising a synthetic error correction system having a penalty gene, whose expression leads to arrested growth or cell death (e.g. a toxin gene) in combination with a survival gene, whose expression provides an antidote that restores cell viability and normal growth (e.g. a cognate antitoxin gene). Alternatively, the system has a survival gene, alone, whose expression is essential for growth (i.e. essential gene). The synthetic error correction system further comprises a biosensor, whose function is to induce expression of the survival gene which leads to cell growth, only, when the cell produces a pre-defined level of a given metabolite. The invention further encompasses: a method for producing the genetically modified micro-organism; a method for producing a cellular metabolite with the genetically modified micro-organism; and use of the genetically modified micro-organism for producing a cellular metabolite.

The invention provides a genetically modified micro-organism for intracellular biosynthesis of a cellular metabolite, comprising a synthetic error correction system having a penalty gene, whose expression leads to arrested growth or cell death (e.g. a toxin gene) in combination with a survival gene, whose expression provides an antidote that restores cell viability and normal growth (e.g. a cognate antitoxin gene). Alternatively, the system has a survival gene, alone, whose expression is essential for growth (i.e. essential gene). The synthetic error correction system further comprises a biosensor, whose function is to induce expression of the survival gene which leads to cell growth, only, when the cell produces a pre-defined level of a given metabolite. The invention further encompasses: a method for producing the genetically modified micro-organism; a method for producing a cellular metabolite with the genetically modified micro-organism; and use of the genetically modified micro-organism for producing a cellular metabolite.

A method of treating a heavy metal contaminated soil including contacting the contaminated soil with a bioremediation mixture for a predetermined time such that the contaminated soil is anaerobically digested, wherein the contaminated soil contains one or more heavy metals, and wherein the anaerobically digested soil contains a lesser amount of the one or more heavy metals than the contaminated soil.

Disclosed are methods for producing steviol glycosides, such as rebaudioside D and rebaudioside M, using engineered yeast. The methods include at least two phases: first and second phases where a glucose-containing feed composition is provided to the medium in different modes of feeding in each phase, such as variable feeding and then constant feeding. The two phase feeding can result in a growth rate that is slower in the second phase than in the first phase, and consequently increased steviol glycoside production rates, reduced fermentation times, and reduced biomass concentrations.

Disclosed are methods for producing steviol glycosides, such as rebaudioside D and rebaudioside M, using engineered yeast. The methods include at least two phases: first and second phases where a glucose-containing feed composition is provided to the medium in different modes of feeding in each phase, such as variable feeding and then constant feeding. The two phase feeding can result in a growth rate that is slower in the second phase than in the first phase, and consequently increased steviol glycoside production rates, reduced fermentation times, and reduced biomass concentrations.

Disclosed are methods for producing steviol glycosides, such as rebaudioside D and rebaudioside M, using engineered yeast. The methods include at least two phases: first and second phases where a glucose-containing feed composition is provided to the medium in different modes of feeding in each phase, such as variable feeding and then constant feeding. The two phase feeding can result in a growth rate that is slower in the second phase than in the first phase, and consequently increased steviol glycoside production rates, reduced fermentation times, and reduced biomass concentrations.

Disclosed are methods for producing steviol glycosides, such as rebaudioside D and rebaudioside M, using engineered yeast. The methods include at least two phases: first and second phases where a glucose-containing feed composition is provided to the medium in different modes of feeding in each phase, such as variable feeding and then constant feeding. The two phase feeding can result in a growth rate that is slower in the second phase than in the first phase, and consequently increased steviol glycoside production rates, reduced fermentation times, and reduced biomass concentrations.

An endophytic fungus from gingko, that is, Fusarium proliferatum DZHQ1 having antitumor activity and antibacterial activity, is isolated from the ginkgo bark. The species of the strain is determined by the combination of colonial morphology and 18 sRNA sequencing, and then the anti-cervical cancer activity of a crude extract of the strain is detected by MTT. Finally, a secondary metabolite of the strain with an inhibition rate of more than 50% is isolated by semi-preparative HPLC, which promotes the further screening of individual compounds with anti-tumor activity. Moreover, the metabolite of the endophytic fungus from gingko shows a more pronounced inhibition in the detection of activity against E. coli and/or S. aureus, and has potential use in the preparation of new antibacterial products.