A method for producing an octaketide derived aromatic compound of interest (e.g. carminic acid), wherein the method comprises (I): heterologous expression of a recombinantly introduced Type III polyketide synthase (PKS) gene encoding an octaketide synthase (OKS) to obtain non-reduced octaketide in vivo within the recombinant host cell and (II): converting in vivo the non-reduced octaketide of step (I) into a C.sub.14-C.sub.34 aromatic compound of interest (e.g. carminic acid).

Processes for producing reduced coenzyme Q.sub.10 (CoQ.sub.10) are provided. The processes may include preparing a reaction mixture, which includes oxidized CoQ.sub.10, a reductase, a supplement coenzyme, a coenzyme regeneration enzyme, and a substrate of the coenzyme regeneration enzyme, and providing a condition so that components of the reaction mixture react to produce the reduced CoQ.sub.10.

Processes for producing reduced coenzyme Q.sub.10 (CoQ.sub.10) are provided. The processes may include preparing a reaction mixture, which includes oxidized CoQ.sub.10, a reductase, a supplement coenzyme, a coenzyme regeneration enzyme, and a substrate of the coenzyme regeneration enzyme, and providing a condition so that components of the reaction mixture react to produce the reduced CoQ.sub.10.

The present application relates to a method for extracting coenzyme Q10 and a phospholipid from a coenzyme Q10 fermentation bacterium powder. The method is characterized in that the fermentation bacterium powder of a coenzyme Q10 production strain is subjected to extraction with a mixed solvent of which the three-dimensional Hansen solubility parameter is between 21 and 23 (J/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2 and the hydrogen bonding solubility parameter thereof is between 10 and 12 (J/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2. The present invention can efficiently extract two products, namely coenzyme Q10 and a phospholipid, from the coenzyme Q10 fermentation bacterium powder; the process thereof is highly operable, easy to be industrialized, and can provide a product with high purity and yield, having great economic benefit.

The present application relates to a method for extracting coenzyme Q10 and a phospholipid from a coenzyme Q10 fermentation bacterium powder. The method is characterized in that the fermentation bacterium powder of a coenzyme Q10 production strain is subjected to extraction with a mixed solvent of which the three-dimensional Hansen solubility parameter is between 21 and 23 (J/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2 and the hydrogen bonding solubility parameter thereof is between 10 and 12 (J/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2. The present invention can efficiently extract two products, namely coenzyme Q10 and a phospholipid, from the coenzyme Q10 fermentation bacterium powder; the process thereof is highly operable, easy to be industrialized, and can provide a product with high purity and yield, having great economic benefit.

A method of producing coenzyme Q10 includes contacting an extract from a coenzyme Q10-producing microorganism with an adsorbent (A) such that the adsorbent (A) adsorbs a component of the extract other than coenzyme Q10, and that coenzyme Q10 is obtained. The adsorbent (A) includes aluminum silicate at a content of 50% or more.

A method of producing coenzyme Q10 includes contacting an extract from a coenzyme Q10-producing microorganism with an adsorbent (A) such that the adsorbent (A) adsorbs a component of the extract other than coenzyme Q10, and that coenzyme Q10 is obtained. The adsorbent (A) includes aluminum silicate at a content of 50% or more.

Controlled coenzyme Q.sub.10 (CoQ.sub.10) fermentation production processes and methods for controlling the CoQ.sub.10 fermentation production processes are provided in the present disclosure. The processes may include growing a microbial culture of bacteria by providing a carbon source and an oxygen source for a predetermined period of time, thereby producing CoQ.sub.10-containing bacteria, carbon dioxide, and lactate in the bacterial culture. During various stages of the production process, the concentration of carbon dioxide may be maintained at predetermined levels, respectively. Alternatively or additionally, during various stages of the production process, the concentration of lactate may be maintained at predetermined levels, respectively.

The present application relates to a method for fermentative production of oxidized coenzyme Q10 and high-content oxidized coenzyme Q10 prepared therefrom. For the method for fermentative production of oxidized coenzyme Q10, in a fermentation process of a production strain, the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of a fermentation broth is controlled to be 50 to 300 Mv, and preferably the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of the fermentation broth is controlled to be 50 to 200 mV. By controlling the ORP of the fermentation broth, the method for fermentative production of oxidized coenzyme Q10 enables the oxidized coenzyme Q10 content in the coenzyme Q10 produced by microorganisms to reach 96% or more, and the product is substantially composed of a single component, which makes post-treatment more convenient. Oxidized coenzyme Q10 is more stable than reduced coenzyme Q10, and as compared with the coenzyme Q10 obtained by fermentative production in the prior art, high-content oxidized coenzyme Q10 degrades in a less amount in organisms. In addition, the fermentation method of the present application has a high potency.

The present application relates to a method for fermentative production of oxidized coenzyme Q10 and high-content oxidized coenzyme Q10 prepared therefrom. For the method for fermentative production of oxidized coenzyme Q10, in a fermentation process of a production strain, the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of a fermentation broth is controlled to be 50 to 300 Mv, and preferably the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of the fermentation broth is controlled to be 50 to 200 mV. By controlling the ORP of the fermentation broth, the method for fermentative production of oxidized coenzyme Q10 enables the oxidized coenzyme Q10 content in the coenzyme Q10 produced by microorganisms to reach 96% or more, and the product is substantially composed of a single component, which makes post-treatment more convenient. Oxidized coenzyme Q10 is more stable than reduced coenzyme Q10, and as compared with the coenzyme Q10 obtained by fermentative production in the prior art, high-content oxidized coenzyme Q10 degrades in a less amount in organisms. In addition, the fermentation method of the present application has a high potency.