The present invention relates to extraction of a signal for a target nucleic acid sequence from signals for two target nucleic acid sequences in a sample. The present invention can contribute to dramatic improvement in methods for detecting target nucleic acid sequences using different detection temperatures and reference values. The present invention using an amended reference value as well as an initial reference value can lead to increasing the detection accuracy in methods for detecting target nucleic acid sequences using different detection temperatures and reference values.

The present invention relates to extraction of a signal for a target nucleic acid sequence from signals for two target nucleic acid sequences in a sample. The present invention can contribute to dramatic improvement in methods for detecting target nucleic acid sequences using different detection temperatures and reference values. The present invention using an amended reference value as well as an initial reference value can lead to increasing the detection accuracy in methods for detecting target nucleic acid sequences using different detection temperatures and reference values.

The present disclosure relates to a quencher having a quenching effect on a fluorescent material exhibiting luminescence characteristics at an excited energy level, and various uses thereof.

The present disclosure relates to a quencher having a quenching effect on a fluorescent material exhibiting luminescence characteristics at an excited energy level, and various uses thereof.

It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a method for reducing the influence of baseline disturbances in a method for detecting a target nucleic acid in dry blood filter paper by real-time PCR using a fluorescent dye, with a simple method. The present disclosure provides a method for detecting a target nucleic acid in dry blood filter paper by real-time PCR, the method including: (1) amplifying the target nucleic acid in the dry blood filter paper by applying thermal cycles to a sample solution containing a dry blood filter paper punch piece and a PCR reagent, wherein the PCR reagent includes a fluorescently labeled probe; (2) optically detecting the fluorescence intensity of the sample solution for each of the thermal cycles; and (3) performing quantitative analysis of the target nucleic acid using data after a predetermined number of cycles of the optically detected data.

It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a method for reducing the influence of baseline disturbances in a method for detecting a target nucleic acid in dry blood filter paper by real-time PCR using a fluorescent dye, with a simple method. The present disclosure provides a method for detecting a target nucleic acid in dry blood filter paper by real-time PCR, the method including: (1) amplifying the target nucleic acid in the dry blood filter paper by applying thermal cycles to a sample solution containing a dry blood filter paper punch piece and a PCR reagent, wherein the PCR reagent includes a fluorescently labeled probe; (2) optically detecting the fluorescence intensity of the sample solution for each of the thermal cycles; and (3) performing quantitative analysis of the target nucleic acid using data after a predetermined number of cycles of the optically detected data.

Disclosed herein are methods and systems for classifying cell labels, for example identifying a signal cell label. In some embodiments, the method comprises: obtaining sequencing data of barcoded targets created using targets in cells barcoded using barcodes, wherein a barcode comprises a cell label and a molecular label. After ranking the cell labels, a minimum of a second derivative plot of a cumulative sum plot can be determined. Using the methods, a cell label can be classified as a signal cell label or a noise cell label based on the number of molecular labels with distinct sequences associated with the cell label and a cell label threshold.

Disclosed herein are methods and systems for classifying cell labels, for example identifying a signal cell label. In some embodiments, the method comprises: obtaining sequencing data of barcoded targets created using targets in cells barcoded using barcodes, wherein a barcode comprises a cell label and a molecular label. After ranking the cell labels, a minimum of a second derivative plot of a cumulative sum plot can be determined. Using the methods, a cell label can be classified as a signal cell label or a noise cell label based on the number of molecular labels with distinct sequences associated with the cell label and a cell label threshold.

A method for direct quantification of nucleic acids in real time qPCR. The invention discloses a method for specific quantification of nucleic acids in real time qPCR. The disclosed invention can be achieved in three ways; 1) using a modified primer for qPCR quantification; 2) using strand displacement based probes for qPCR quantification; 3) using label-free endonuclease probe for qPCR quantification. The mechanism of quantification is based on the fact that, DNA, RNA or modified oligonucleotide based light-up dye-aptamer system, where dye is not fluorescent in free state but its fluorescence increases multi-fold when it binds to its specific aptamer.

The invention describes novel serotonin c5-HT2B receptor antagonists of Formula (1), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein Ring A, L, X, X′,

##STR00001##

R.sup.3, R.sup.4, m and n are as defined herein. Also described are compositions comprising a Formula (1) compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and methods of using the compounds, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the treatment of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD), congestive heart failure (CHF) and/or asymptomatic heart failure in animals, preferably is a canine.