The invention relates to a method of performing in situ hybridization such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using liposomal spherical nucleic acids (L-SNAs) nanoparticles labeled with dye molecules. The nanoparticles contain one or more nucleic acids that recognize a target of interest in a sample.

A technique is disclosed for recapturing and recycling biomolecule reagents. The technique may be applied in a range of settings, including biopolymer synthesis, sequencing, and so forth. Biomolecule reagents such as nucleotides and oligonucleotides used to process nucleic acids, which may be marked with fluorescent tags, carry blocking agents, and so forth, are introduced to samples in a sample container. After the desired reaction occurs with some of the biomolecule reagents, such as some of the nucleotides or oligonucleotides, the effluent stream is processed to recapture unreacted biomolecule reagents. These may be separated from other reaction components, and recycled into the same or a different sample container. The recaptured biomolecule reagents may be mixed with additional biomolecule reagents prior to reintroduction to the same or different samples.

A technique is disclosed for recapturing and recycling biomolecule reagents. The technique may be applied in a range of settings, including biopolymer synthesis, sequencing, and so forth. Biomolecule reagents such as nucleotides and oligonucleotides used to process nucleic acids, which may be marked with fluorescent tags, carry blocking agents, and so forth, are introduced to samples in a sample container. After the desired reaction occurs with some of the biomolecule reagents, such as some of the nucleotides or oligonucleotides, the effluent stream is processed to recapture unreacted biomolecule reagents. These may be separated from other reaction components, and recycled into the same or a different sample container. The recaptured biomolecule reagents may be mixed with additional biomolecule reagents prior to reintroduction to the same or different samples.

The present invention relates to a target discriminative probe (TD probe) and its uses or applications. The TD probe is hybridized with a target nucleic acid sequence through both of the 5′-second hybridization portion and the 3′-first hybridization portion. When the TD probe is hybridized with a non-target nucleic acid sequence, both the 5′-second hybridization portion and the separation portion are not hybridized with the non-target nucleic acid sequence such that both portions form a single strand due to its low Tm value. As such, the TD probe exhibits distinctly different hybridization patterns for each of the target and the non-target nucleic acid sequence, discriminating the target nucleic acid sequence from the non-target nucleic acid sequence with much higher specificity.

The present invention relates to a target discriminative probe (TD probe) and its uses or applications. The TD probe is hybridized with a target nucleic acid sequence through both of the 5′-second hybridization portion and the 3′-first hybridization portion. When the TD probe is hybridized with a non-target nucleic acid sequence, both the 5′-second hybridization portion and the separation portion are not hybridized with the non-target nucleic acid sequence such that both portions form a single strand due to its low Tm value. As such, the TD probe exhibits distinctly different hybridization patterns for each of the target and the non-target nucleic acid sequence, discriminating the target nucleic acid sequence from the non-target nucleic acid sequence with much higher specificity.

Specifically, the invention describes obtaining a new porous material prepared to recognise DNA of the pathogenic microorganism Candida albicans, as well as the use thereof in a quick and highly sensitive in vitro diagnostic method.

Specifically, the invention describes obtaining a new porous material prepared to recognise DNA of the pathogenic microorganism Candida albicans, as well as the use thereof in a quick and highly sensitive in vitro diagnostic method.

The present disclosure relates to methods comprising (a) contacting a polymerase with a template polynucleotide and a plurality of free nucleotides, wherein the template polynucleotide is hybridized to a complementary polynucleotide comprising a 3′ end overhung by a 5′ terminal fragment of the template polynucleotide, and the plurality of free nucleotides comprise a compound Formula (I); wherein said contacting occurs under a complexation condition, the complexation condition effective to form a complex but not effective to form polymerization, wherein the complex comprises the polymerase, the template polynucleotide, the complementary polynucleotide, and one of the plurality of free nucleotides that is complementary to a first nucleotide of the 5′ terminal fragment of the template polynucleotide; (b) detecting a signal from the fluorescent label; and (c) exposing the complex to a polymerization condition.

The present disclosure relates to methods comprising (a) contacting a polymerase with a template polynucleotide and a plurality of free nucleotides, wherein the template polynucleotide is hybridized to a complementary polynucleotide comprising a 3′ end overhung by a 5′ terminal fragment of the template polynucleotide, and the plurality of free nucleotides comprise a compound Formula (I); wherein said contacting occurs under a complexation condition, the complexation condition effective to form a complex but not effective to form polymerization, wherein the complex comprises the polymerase, the template polynucleotide, the complementary polynucleotide, and one of the plurality of free nucleotides that is complementary to a first nucleotide of the 5′ terminal fragment of the template polynucleotide; (b) detecting a signal from the fluorescent label; and (c) exposing the complex to a polymerization condition.

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for sequencing nucleic acid molecules. Methods may include sequencing double-stranded nucleic acids or single-stranded nucleic acids. Sequencing may include the use of nucleotides coupled to electrostatic moieties. The electrostatic moieties may be detected by a sensor array. The electrostatic moieties may be reversible electrostatic moieties that are cleaved from the nucleic acid molecule after incorporation of the nucleotide. The electrostatic moieties may be irreversible electrostatic moieties. Nucleotides comprising irreversible electrostatic moieties may be incorporated into the nucleic acid molecule, detected by the sensor array, and exchanged for non-detectable nucleotides.