Provided, in part, are methods, compositions, and systems are provided for detecting one or more repellent-generating enzymatic pathways by characterizing the skin microbiomes and metabolomes of populations of individuals both naturally resistant and highly prone to bites from blood sucking arthropods, determining the microbial taxa (and their associated metabolic pathways) most associated with insect repellency and targeting/activating those pathways with molecular substrates that, when metabolized, will give rise, in situ, to repellent molecules and can promote a shift to a more naturally repellent microbiome composition.

Provided are a gene involved in the regulation of the amount of melanin in keratinocytes, and the control of the color of skin or hair, the gene being selected from the group consisting of ATG7 gene, RAB11A gene, CLIP-170 gene, Rubicon gene and RAB7B gene, and a molecule encoded by the gene.

To provide a method for evaluating or selecting an agent for reducing sensory irritation, which reduces sensory irritation caused by parabens, and an agent for reducing sensory irritation, which reduces sensory irritation caused by parabens. A method for evaluating or selecting an agent for reducing sensory irritation caused by parabens, comprising the following steps (1) to (3): (1) a step of contacting cells capable of expressing CES1 with a test substance; (2) a step of measuring expression of CES1 in the cells; (3) a step of evaluating a test substance which promotes expression of CES1 as an agent for reducing sensory irritation caused by parabens based on the results measured in (2).

The disclosure relates to the identification and the use of compounds which regulate the expression of at least one Sestrin gene, for preventing and/or attenuating skin ageing, and/or for hydrating the skin and/or for regulating skin pigmentation. The method includes the following steps: a. bringing at least one test compound in contact with a sample of human keratinocytes or melanocytes; b. measuring the expression of at least one Sestrin gene chosen from SESN3, SESN2 and SESN1 in the keratinocytes or melanocytes; c. selecting the compounds for which an activation of at least 1.6 fold of the expression of at least one of the genes is measured in the keratinocytes treated in a. compared with the untreated keratinocytes, or for which a significant modulation of the expression of at least one of the genes is measured in the melanocytes treated in a. compared with the untreated melanocytes.

The invention relates to a detective molecule, and more particularly to a detective molecule and a kit for detecting a target molecule, a method for predicting fragrance production in an orchid, and a method for breeding a scented orchid.

The present invention relates to a method for determining the biological age of human skin comprising providing human skin cells, determining a methylation level of at least two CpG-dinucleotides of a specific region of at least one chromosome of said skin cells and determining the biological age of said skin cells by comparing said determined methylation level with empirically determined data representing a correlation between the methylation level of the CpG-nucleotide and the chronological age of at least one human individual.

The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing a degradation of esthetic qualities of the skin, based on a measurement of the level of expression of the gene encoding FLG2. The present invention also relates to a method for the cosmetic treatment of skin. The present invention also relates to a method for identifying a compound for reducing and/or slowing the degradation of esthetic quality of the skin, and a kit.

A method evaluating a skin cleansing composition for an ability to treat a skin condition, can include a) identifying a target skin condition or lack of target skin condition on a skin sample; b) taking a baseline measurement of a Microbial index of Skin Health via a Microbial index of Skin Health Method; c) performing a wash protocol with the cleansing composition via the Wash Protocol Method; and d) taking a second measurement of the Microbial Skin Health Measurement after the Wash Protocol; wherein an increase from the baseline Microbial Skin Health Index of 5 or more signifies the cleansing product is efficacious for treatment of the identified skin condition.

The present disclosure relates to HAPLN1 protein of an aged individual. The HAPLN1 protein exhibits reduced expression with aging, and when administered, its effect in alleviating and reversing skin aging including wrinkles is excellent. Therefore, by exploiting the difference in expression, provided are a biomarker composition for measuring skin aging, capable of diagnosing skin aging; a kit; and a method of screening for skin aging alleviating agents, comprising detecting the expression level of HAPLN1 protein or HAPLN1 gene. In addition, provided are a pharmaceutical composition, cosmetic composition, or health functional food for preventing or alleviating skin aging, and a cosmetic composition or health functional food for alleviating wrinkles, each containing any one or more selected from the group consisting of HAPLN1 protein, a gene encoding the same, and an effective agent for promoting the expression or activating the functions of HAPLN1 protein or gene.

The invention relates to biomarkers in children's skin, in particular in the skin of infants, the expression of which changes when the skin is dry. Such markers are particularly advantageous in that they allow the skin's response to dehydration to be monitored. The inventors have developed methods for evaluating the in vitro efficacy of formulations in preventing the effects of dehydration on children's skin, using a skin model specifically capable of reproducing the characteristics of children's skin.