The present invention relates to a method of extracting a low-molecular-weight proanthocyanidin using cranberries and lactic acid bacteria, and more particularly, the method may include (S1) growing and extracting a seed culture from cranberries, (S2) reinforcing the metabolism of a saccharide by adjusting a metabolic process, (S3) extracting the seed culture whose metabolic process is adjusted and culturing the extracted result, (S4) mixing cranberries, distilled water and a saccharide with the grown seed culture and fermenting the mixture, and (S5) extracting an unbound polyphenol from the fermented mixture.

A cyanobacterium transformed using a gene transfer vector. The gene transfer vector includes: a first homologous recombination region homologous to a 5′ side of a target DNA of the cyanobacterium; a second homologous recombination region homologous to a 3′ side of the target DNA; and a DNA fragment introduced into a portion sandwiched between the first homologous recombination region and the second homologous recombination region. A total length of the first homologous recombination region and the second homologous recombination region is 5 kbp or more. The cyanobacterium has a DNA fragment transferred between the 5′ side of the target DNA and the 3′ side of the target DNA.

Disclosed is a 3D porous medium and a method of manufacture. The 3D porous medium includes (i) a support structure of transparent hydrogel particles or emulsion droplets, (ii) bacterial nutrient in open volumes between the transparent hydrogel particles, as well as within micropores in the transparent hydrogel particles, and (iii) bacterial cells within the open volumes in the support structure.

The present disclosure relates to cell immobilized beads and a method for preparing the same and, more specifically, to cell-immobilized beads wherein the conversion activity of cells contained in the immobilized beads is excellent and wherein the conversion activity is maintained even during distribution and storage processes, a method for preparing the cell-immobilized beads, and a use of the conversion activity of the beads.

The disclosure provides novel microbial strains, such as Veillonella sp. strains, and compositions comprising the strains that are capable of converting lactate to propionate and acetate. The disclosure also provides compositions comprising the Veillonella sp. strains and lactate producing bacteria, such as Lactobacillus sp. strains and Bifidobacterium sp. strains. The disclosure further provides methods of improving athletic performance, enhancing exercise endurance and reducing inflammation in a subject upon administration of the disclosed strains or compositions.

Disclosed are methods related to culturing anaerobic bacteria in a microaerobic environment. The method comprises culturing in a microaerobic environment an anaerobic bacteria with an aerobic microorganism. The microaerobic environment may not require gas pre-treatment to remove trace O.sub.2. Also disclosed are methods related to producing a product, syngas fermentation, and gas valorization. The method comprises culturing in a microaerobic environment an anaerobic bacteria with an aerobic microorganism.

The present invention provides methods to improve the health and vigor, including enhancement of the growth of plants, including important crop plants. In particular, the present invention provides methods of treating or preventing a rhizogenic or tumorigenic plant disease caused by bacteria, comprising administering to the plant an effective amount of at least one isolated Paenibacillus strain or of an extract of at least one isolated Paenibacillus strain, wherein said at least one Paenibacillus strain comprises a 16S rRNA sequence with at least 93% sequence identity to the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.

An isolated strain of Bifidobacterium longum NCIMB 42020 is useful for the treatment of viral infections, especially viral respiratory infections such as influenza, rhinovirus and RSV. Bifidobacterium longum NCIMB 42020 is also useful for clearing secondary bacterial infections.

Provided herein, inter alia, are compositions of short chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing microorganisms and methods of making and using the same to inhibit pathogenic bacterial populations in the gastrointestinal tracts of an animal and additionally promote improvement of one or more metrics in an animal, such as increased bodyweight gain, decreased feed conversion ratio (FCR), improved gut barrier integrity, reduced mortality, reduced pathogen infection, and reduced pathogen shedding in feces.

A method for preparing a universal microbial medium by eutectic system-based cellulose liquefaction. The method includes: 1) mixing ionic liquid and cellulose, where the ionic liquid is preheated; 2) mixing a mixed solution I obtained in step 1) and distilled water; 3) filtering a mixed solution II obtained in step 2); and 4) diluting a filtrate obtained in step 3) with the distilled water to obtain the carbon source. A medium prepared from the carbon source can be used for culturing various microorganisms, with a desirable growth state of the microorganisms.