Methods and compositions are provided for preventing or reducing symptoms or disease associated with Xylella fastidiosa or Xanthomonas axonopodis in a plant. The invention provides novel bacteriophages virulent to Xylella fastidiosa or Xanthomonas axonopodis, including XfaMija and XfaMijo, and further provides methods for treating or preventing Pierce's Disease or Citrus Canker in plants.

The present invention provides methods for development of a virulent bacteriophage-based treatment for the control of plant diseases caused by Xylella fastidiosa. The invention further provides methods of isolating and propagating bacteriophage virulent to X. fastidiosa in a Xanthomonas bacterial host and for treating or reducing symptoms of X. fastidiosa infection in a plant. The invention further provides methods of isolating and propagating bacteriophage virulent to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri and for treating or reducing symptoms of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri infection in a plant.

The present invention relates to a method for production of continuous cell lines comprising providing living cells of an animal or a human, irradiating said cells with UV light, proliferating said cells and selecting multiplying cells as cells of a continuous cell line.

The invention provides an isolated H3 equine influenza A virus, as well as methods of preparing and using the virus, and genes or proteins thereof.

Methods and compositions are provided for preventing or reducing symptoms or disease associated with Xylella fastidiosa or Xanthomonas axonopodis in a plant. The invention provides novel bacteriophages virulent to Xylella fastidiosa or Xanthomonas axonopodis, including XfaMija and XfaMijo, and further provides methods for treating or preventing Pierce's Disease or Citrus Canker in plants.

The invention provides a clonal cell line derived from a liver cancer cell line, preferably derived from a Huh7 hepatocarcinoma cell line, engineered to produce and secrete viral particles containing pregenomic RNA of the hepatitis B virus (HBV), predominantly over DNA of HBV, to calibrate quantitative HBV RNA assays.

The invention provides an isolated H3 equine influenza A virus, as well as methods of preparing and using the virus, and genes or proteins thereof.

The present invention relates to nanoparticles and their use to form nanocomposite material, in particular bionanocomposite material, specifically wherein the nanoparticles are formed using plant virus attached to a scaffold of cellulosic material and/or cellulose derived materials, in particular wherein said cellulosic material further comprises plant cell components, for example hemicellulose, pectin, protein or combinations thereof.

A linear displacement isothermal amplification (LDIA) method and application thereof are by the present disclosure. The LDIA method of the present disclosure specifically starts the initial reaction of LDIA for four common primers of the template, including a pair of external primers (LOF and LOR) and internal primers (LIF and LIR), and an accelerating primer (LAR) may also be added in the reaction to form a short sequence product. The method provided by the disclosure greatly reduce the difficulty of primer design while maintaining the sensitivity and specificity similar to other isothermal amplification reactions such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification methods.

Provided is an apparatus to produce cultured cell products including: an isolator configured to maintain its inside in aseptic conditions and process cell culture vessels therein; and at least one robot arm located within the isolator, wherein a taking-out step of taking out cells cultured in the cell culture vessels, a cell density-adjusting step of adjusting density of the cells in a cell-containing liquid containing the taken-out cells, and a subdividing step of subdividing and placing the cell-containing liquid with its density adjusted into a plurality of product containers are performed within the isolator by the at least one robot arm.