The present invention relates to a eukaryotic cell that is genetically modified comprising one or more heterologous gene encoding: a) D-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and/or b) 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase; and/or c) glucose dehydrogenase, gluconolactonase and gluconate kinase,
wherein a), b) and glucose dehydrogenase in c) are NAD.sup.+ dependent.

Aspects of the disclosure relate to biosynthesis of cannabinoids and cannabinoid precursors in recombinant cells and in vitro.

Provided herein are methods and compositions comprising a bacterium or a metabolite thereof for enhancing mitochondrial and/or peroxisomal function.

Provided herein are methods and compositions comprising a bacterium or a metabolite thereof for enhancing mitochondrial and/or peroxisomal function.