The present disclosure generally relates to the production of natural vanillin by bioconversion using isoeugenol as the substrate. More specifically, the present methods utilize a fungal isoeugenol monooxygenase encoded by VpIEM gene from Violaceomyces palustris to catalyze the bioconversion of isoeugenol to vanillin, which can be carried out in a cellular system (e.g., bacteria or yeasts) or in an enzymatic reaction mixture without a cellular system.

The present disclosure generally relates to the production of natural vanillin by biocouversion using isoeugenol as the substrate. More specifically, the present methods utilize a filitgal isoeugenol monooxygenase to catalyze the bioconversion of isoeugenol to vanillin, which can be carried out in a cellular system (e.g., bacteria or yeasts) or in an enzymatic reaction mixture without a cellular system.

Provided are a transformed cell having the ability to produce 2,5-pyridine dicarboxylic acids, and a method for producing 2,5-pyridine dicarboxylic acids using the same. The present invention provides a transformed cell having the ability to produce 2,5-pyridine dicarboxylic acids, the transformed cell being derived from a microbe having the ability to biosynthesize 4-aminobenzoic acids and having the enhanced expression of the following polypeptides (I) and (II): (I) a polypeptide having 4-aminobenzoic acid hydroxylation activity, and (II) a polypeptide having 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoate 2,3-dioxygenase activity.

The present invention relates to a peptide with anti-inflammatory activity, wherein the peptide comprises at least one amino acid sequence among SEQ ID NO: 2 to SEQ ID NO: 179, the peptide has above 80% homology of amino acid sequence with above-mentioned sequences, or the peptide is the fragment of the above-mentioned peptides. The present invention also relates to an inflammatory composition comprising the above mentioned peptides. According to the present invention, the peptides that have at least one amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 to SEQ ID NO: 179 shows outstanding efficacy in both suppressing inflammation and in prophylactic means. Therefore, the composition comprising the peptides of this invention can be used as anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical compositions or as cosmetic compositions, in turn, treating and preventing a variety of different types of inflammatory diseases.

The present invention relates to the fields of life sciences, micro-organisms and degradation of polyolefin polymers. Specifically, the invention relates to an isolated specific enzyme or a fragment thereof, wherein said enzyme or fragment is capable of degrading a polyolefin, and to a micro-organism or a host cell comprising the enzyme or a fragment thereof. Also, the present invention relates to a polynucleotide encoding the enzyme or fragment thereof, and to an expression vector or plasmid comprising the polynucleotide of the present invention. And still, the present invention relates to use of the enzyme, fragment, micro-organism, host cell, polynucleotide, expression vector or plasmid of the present invention for degrading a polyolefin: to a method of degrading a polyolefin with the specific enzyme or a fragment thereof: and to a method of producing the enzyme or fragment thereof of the present invention.

A method of cleaning a surface having disposed thereon a soil comprising fatty acid, the method comprising contacting the soil with a consumer product composition comprising a surfactant and a soil transforming enzyme selected from the group consisting of hydroperoxy fatty acid producing enzymes, hydroperoxy fatty acid converting enzymes, multi-domain enzymes, hydroxy fatty acid producing enzymes, and mixtures thereof. The method further comprises converting the fatty acid of the soil into an active fatty acid derivative material selected from the group consisting of hydroperoxy fatty acids, hydroperoxy fatty acid derivatives, hydroxy fatty acids, and mixtures thereof. Consumer product compositions are also provided.

Provided are methods and compositions for inhibiting seed germination. The methods comprise exposing a seed to a composition comprising one or more enzymes, one or more bacteria, and/or an enzymatic extract, wherein the one or more enzymes, one or more bacteria, and/or the enzymatic extract isolated from one or more bacteria are exposed to seed in a quantity sufficient to inhibit seed germination.

A peptide with anti-inflammatory activity is described, wherein the peptide comprises at least one amino acid sequence among SEQ ID NO: 2 to SEQ ID NO: 179, the peptide has above 80% homology of amino acid sequence with above-mentioned sequences, or the peptide is the fragment of the above-mentioned peptides. The peptides that have at least one amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 to SEQ ID NO: 179 shows outstanding efficacy in both suppressing inflammation and in prophylactic means. Therefore, the composition comprising those peptides can be used as anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical compositions or as cosmetic compositions, in turn, treating and preventing a variety of different types of inflammatory diseases.

A peptide with anti-inflammatory activity, wherein the peptide comprises SEQ ID NO: 1, the peptide has above 80% homology of amino acid with above-mentioned sequence, or the peptide is the fragment of the above-mentioned peptides is described. An anti-inflammatory composition comprising the above mentioned peptides is described. According to the present invention, a peptide comprising a sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 has outstanding efficacy in both suppressing inflammation and in prophylactic means. Therefore, the composition comprising the peptide of this invention can be used as anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical composition or as cosmetic composition, in turn, treating and preventing a variety of different types of inflammatory diseases.

The present invention relates to processes for the formation of pyridinedicarboxylic acid (PDCA), in particular, 2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (2,4-PDCA) and 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (2,5-PDCA), and mono- and diester derivatives thereof, from 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, via a biocatalytic reaction using, for example, a protocatechuate dioxygenase such as protocat-echuate 4,5-dioxygenase or protocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase, and a nitrogen source. The invention also relates to copolymers that comprise the pyridinedicarboxylic acid monomers and derivatives thereof, processes for the formation of the copolymers and uses for the copolymers.