The purpose of the present invention is to provide an organism having an ergothioneine productivity that is capable of easily producing ergothioneine within a short period of time at a high yield, as compared with a conventional technology, and, therefore, enables ergothioneine production on an industrial scale. This purpose can be achieved by a transformed fungus into which a gene encoding enzyme (1) or genes encoding enzymes (1) and (2) have been inserted and in which the inserted gene(s) are overexpressed. (1) an enzyme catalyzing a reaction of synthesizing hercynyl cysteine sulfoxide from histidine and cysteine in the presence of S-adenosyl methionine, iron (II) and oxygen. (2) An enzyme catalyzing a reaction of synthesizing ergothioneine from hercynyl cysteine sulfoxide using pyridoxal 5-phosphate as a coenzyme.

The present disclosure relates to a microorganism for producing a mycosporine-like amino acid, and a method for producing a mycosporine-like amino acid using the microorganism.

The microorganism of the present disclosure shows an improved ability for producing a mycosporine-like amino acid and thus can be effectively used in the production of a mycosporine-like amino acid.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an organism having an ergothioneine productivity that is capable of easily producing ergothioneine within a short period of time at a high yield, as compared with a conventional technology, and, therefore, enables ergothioneine production on an industrial scale. This purpose can be achieved by a transformed fungus into which a gene encoding enzyme (1) or genes encoding enzymes (1) and (2) have been inserted and in which the inserted gene(s) are overexpressed. (1) an enzyme catalyzing a reaction of synthesizing hercynyl cysteine sulfoxide from histidine and cysteine in the presence of S-adenosyl methionine, iron (II) and oxygen. (2) An enzyme catalyzing a reaction of synthesizing ergothioneine from hercynyl cysteine sulfoxide using pyridoxal 5-phosphate as a coenzyme.

Many studies have shown that CRISPR-Cas nucleases can tolerate up to five mismatches and still cleave; it is hard to predict the effects of any given single or combination of mismatches on activity. Taken together, these nucleases can show significant off-target effects but it can be challenging to predict these sites. Described herein are methods for increasing the specificity of genome editing using the CRISPR/Cas system, e.g., using RNA-guided FokI Nucleases (RFNs), e.g., FokI-Cas9 or FokI-dCas9-based fusion proteins.

Methods for making alkaloid compounds, including ephedrine and derivatives thereof. The methods involve the performance of an N-methyltransferase catalyzed chemical reaction.

Provided herein is a non-naturally occurring microbial organism having a methanol metabolic pathway (MMP) that can enhance the availability of reducing equivalents in the presence of methanol. Such reducing equivalents can be used to increase the product yield of organic compounds produced by the microbial organism, such as 1,4-butanediol (BDO). Also provided herein are methods for using such an organism to produce BDO.

A transkingdom platform for the delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids to epithelial tissues where the nucleic acids are designed to have enhanced stability. The platform offers numerous improvements to prior delivery platforms including expression of the double-stranded RNA binding domain (dsRBD) domains of TAR RNA binding protein (TRBP), knockout of RNase R activity in the bacterial delivery vehicle, and expression of the methyltransferase gene, HEN1, for simultaneous packaging with a therapeutic nucleic acid delivery vehicle.

Methods for increasing specificity of RNA-guided genome editing, e.g., editing using CRISPR/Cas9 systems, using truncated guide RNAs (tru-gRNAs).

The present disclosure provides a method for making an amplified methylome by extending fragments and treating the extended fragments with a methyl transferase and source of methyl groups to transform hemi-methylated double stranded DNA to fully methylated double stranded DNA.

Many studies have shown that CRISPR-Cas nucleases can tolerate up to five mismatches and still cleave; it is hard to predict the effects of any given single or combination of mismatches on activity. Taken together, these nucleases can show significant off-target effects but it can be challenging to predict these sites. Described herein are methods for increasing the specificity of genome editing using the CRISPR/Cas system, e.g., using RNA-guided Foki Nucleases (RFNs), e.g., Fokl-Cas9 or Foki-dCas9-based fusion proteins.