The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

The present invention relates to processes for producing fermentation products from starch-containing material, wherein an alpha-amylase and a thermostable endoglucanase is present and/or added during liquefaction. The invention also relates to compositions suitable for use in processes of the invention.

A method to treat diseases or conditions associated with the human MMP-1 gene transcription involving administration of the peptide nucleic acid derivative according to claim 1 to a subject. The present invention provides the peptide nucleic acid derivative according to claim 1 which targets 5′ splice site of the human MMP-1 pre-mRNA “exon 5”. The peptide nucleic acid derivatives in the present invention strongly induce splice variants of the human MMP-1 mRNA in cell and are very useful to treat conditions or diseases of skin aging associated with the human MMP-1 protein.

Pyranone compounds are disclosed herein, which were quite surprisingly found as having OMA1 and/or OPA1 modulatory properties. Compounds of present invention may provide useful for the treatment of certain conditions and diseases, which are amenable to OMA1 and/or OPA1-modulatory therapies. Such conditions may include conditions and diseases prevalent in the elderly, such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of present invention may be combined with other treatments or further comprise other pharmaceutically active ingredients.

The present disclosure illustrates an apparatus (100) and method (400) for detection of proteolytic activity of an enzyme and for assessing the level of matrix metalloproteinases in a biological sample. The apparatus (100) comprises a tubular outer jacket (106) with a seal cap (107). The apparatus (100) comprises one or more inner segment tubes (101, 103, 105) connected to each other at a lower end opening of each of the one or more tubes. The one or more inner segment tubes (101, 103, 105) comprises at least two chambers separated by a protein substrate layer (102, 104, 106). The level of the matrix metalloproteinases is assessed on the basis of number of protein layers digested and the proteolytic activity level of by the biological sample.

The present invention relates to processes for producing fermentation products from starch-containing material, wherein a thermostable alpha-amylase and optionally a thermostable protease are present and/or added during liquefaction. The invention also relates to a composition suitable for use in a process of the invention.

The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

A method of treating a patient who has hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), colorectal carcinoma (CRC), glioblastoma (GB), gastric cancer (GC), esophageal cancer, NSCLC, pancreatic cancer (PC), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), prostate cancer (PCA), ovarian cancer (OC), melanoma, breast cancer (BRCA), CLL, Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), SCLC, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), AML, gallbladder cancer and cholangiocarcinoma (GBC, CCC), urinary bladder cancer (UBC), and uterine cancer (UEC) includes administering to said patient a composition containing a population of activated T cells that selectively recognize cells in the patient that aberrantly express a peptide. A pharmaceutical composition contains activated T cells that selectively recognize cells in a patient that aberrantly express a peptide, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, in which the T cells bind to the peptide in a complex with an MHC class I molecule, and the composition is for treating the patient who has HCC, CRC, GB, GC, esophageal cancer, NSCLC, PC, RCC, BPH, PCA, OC, melanoma, BRCA, CLL, MCC, SCLC, NHL, AML, GBC, CCC, UBC, and/or UEC. A method of treating a patient who has HCC, CRC, GB, GC, esophageal cancer, NSCLC, PC, RCC, BPH, PCA, OC, melanoma, BRCA, CLL, MCC, SCLC, NHL, AML, GBC, CCC, UBC, and/or UEC includes administering to said patient a composition comprising a peptide in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, thereby inducing a T-cell response to the HCC, CRC, GB, GC, esophageal cancer, NSCLC, PC, RCC, BPH, PCA, OC, melanoma, BRCA, CLL, MCC, SCLC, NHL, AML, GBC, CCC, UBC, and/or UEC.

A method of treating a patient who has hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), colorectal carcinoma (CRC), glioblastoma (GB), gastric cancer (GC), esophageal cancer, NSCLC, pancreatic cancer (PC), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), prostate cancer (PCA), ovarian cancer (OC), melanoma, breast cancer (BRCA), CLL, Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), SCLC, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), AML, gallbladder cancer and cholangiocarcinoma (GBC, CCC), urinary bladder cancer (UBC), and uterine cancer (UEC) includes administering to said patient a composition containing a population of activated T cells that selectively recognize cells in the patient that aberrantly express a peptide. A pharmaceutical composition contains activated T cells that selectively recognize cells in a patient that aberrantly express a peptide, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, in which the T cells bind to the peptide in a complex with an MHC class I molecule, and the composition is for treating the patient who has HCC, CRC, GB, GC, esophageal cancer, NSCLC, PC, RCC, BPH, PCA, OC, melanoma, BRCA, CLL, MCC, SCLC, NHL, AML, GBC, CCC, UBC, and/or UEC. A method of treating a patient who has HCC, CRC, GB, GC, esophageal cancer, NSCLC, PC, RCC, BPH, PCA, OC, melanoma, BRCA, CLL, MCC, SCLC, NHL, AML, GBC, CCC, UBC, and/or UEC includes administering to said patient a composition comprising a peptide in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, thereby inducing a T-cell response to the HCC, CRC, GB, GC, esophageal cancer, NSCLC, PC, RCC, BPH, PCA, OC, melanoma, BRCA, CLL, MCC, SCLC, NHL, AML, GBC, CCC, UBC, and/or UEC.

The invention discloses a recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum for producing lysine by biofilm continuous fermentation and a construction method thereof, wherein the recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum is constructed by overexpressing a protease gene FtsH in a Corynebacterium glutamicum; and the construction method comprises the following steps of: (1) performing PCR on a genome of the Corynebacterium glutamicum, and amplifying the FtsH gene to obtain an amplified FtsH gene segment; (2) cloning the FtsH gene segment to an overexpression plasmid to obtain a recombinant plasmid; and (3) introducing the recombinant plasmid into the Corynebacterium glutamicum, and screening to obtain the recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum. The invention has the beneficial effects that the Corynebacterium glutamicum for overexpressing the protease FtsH is constructed in the invention, and a film-forming ability of the Corynebacterium glutamicum is enhanced, such that a yield of continuous immobilized fermentation of the Corynebacterium glutamicum is increased by 38.2% than that of free fermentation of an original bacterium, and a fermentation cycle is shortened by 26.4%.