The present disclosure provides methods for producing a regenerated hydrogenation catalyst from a fouled hydrogenation catalyst having a total surface area and at least one associated impurity. The method can include maintaining contact between the fouled hydrogenation catalyst and a flushing medium that comprises water, oxygen, and an inert or diluent gas at a regeneration temperature and a regeneration pressure sufficient to remove at least a portion of the at least one impurity from the hydrogenation catalyst to produce the regenerated hydrogenation catalyst, where the regenerated hydrogenation catalyst is characterized as retaining at least 70% of the activity of the hydrogenation catalyst.

The present disclosure provides methods for producing a regenerated hydrogenation catalyst from a fouled hydrogenation catalyst having a total surface area and at least one associated impurity. The method can include maintaining contact between the fouled hydrogenation catalyst and a flushing medium that comprises water, oxygen, and an inert or diluent gas at a regeneration temperature and a regeneration pressure sufficient to remove at least a portion of the at least one impurity from the hydrogenation catalyst to produce the regenerated hydrogenation catalyst, where the regenerated hydrogenation catalyst is characterized as retaining at least 70% of the activity of the hydrogenation catalyst.

Embodiments of the present disclosure involve systems and methods that inhibit the production of lactic acid during propagation of yeast and/or during hydrolysis of cellulose by including a sufficient amount of dissolved oxygen.

Embodiments of the present disclosure involve systems and methods that inhibit the production of lactic acid during propagation of yeast and/or during hydrolysis of cellulose by including a sufficient amount of dissolved oxygen.

A method for producing a sugar anhydride, said method comprising: (1) a step for conducting a first heat treatment by heating a polysaccharide having a reducing end at 130-350° C. in the presence of an alcohol compound having 1-10 carbon atoms and not having an acetal structure; (2) a step for conducting a second heat treatment by heating the polysaccharide having been heated in the first heat treatment and thus thermally decomposing the polysaccharide to thereby give a gaseous sugar anhydride, without forming a char or with forming a filmy char, and without generating carbon monoxide or with regulating the generation amount of carbon monoxide, if any, to not more than 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the absolute dry mass of the polysaccharide; and (3) a collection step for cooling the gaseous sugar anhydride to a temperature equal to or lower than the boiling point thereof and then collecting the same. According to this method, a sugar anhydride can be easily produced at a high yield.

A method for producing a sugar anhydride, said method comprising: (1) a step for conducting a first heat treatment by heating a polysaccharide having a reducing end at 130-350° C. in the presence of an alcohol compound having 1-10 carbon atoms and not having an acetal structure; (2) a step for conducting a second heat treatment by heating the polysaccharide having been heated in the first heat treatment and thus thermally decomposing the polysaccharide to thereby give a gaseous sugar anhydride, without forming a char or with forming a filmy char, and without generating carbon monoxide or with regulating the generation amount of carbon monoxide, if any, to not more than 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the absolute dry mass of the polysaccharide; and (3) a collection step for cooling the gaseous sugar anhydride to a temperature equal to or lower than the boiling point thereof and then collecting the same. According to this method, a sugar anhydride can be easily produced at a high yield.

The present invention relates to a process for treating a lignocellulosic biomass pretreated beforehand (1), said process comprising the extraction of the free sugars from said pretreated biomass using an alcoholic or aqueous-alcoholic extraction solution (2), so as to obtain a liquid phase enriched in free sugars, called liquor (3), and a solid phase depleted in free sugars, called must (4).

The present disclosure provides methods for generating sugars from a cellulosic biomass. The methods combine treatment of the biomass using a high-shear milling device and saccharification of the biomass to partially hydrolyze the biomass. The biomass can be saccharified either after or simultaneously with the high-shear milling treatment. The partially hydrolyzed biomass is then separated into a solids stream with saccharification enzymes, and a liquid stream with sugars. The solids stream and associated enzymes are further incubated under saccharification conditions to produce additional sugars, or are recycled and added to fresh biomass, which is saccharified under high-shear milling conditions. The methods result in improved conversion of cellulosic biomass to glucose.

The present disclosure provides methods for generating sugars from a cellulosic biomass. The methods combine treatment of the biomass using a high-shear milling device and saccharification of the biomass to partially hydrolyze the biomass. The biomass can be saccharified either after or simultaneously with the high-shear milling treatment. The partially hydrolyzed biomass is then separated into a solids stream with saccharification enzymes, and a liquid stream with sugars. The solids stream and associated enzymes are further incubated under saccharification conditions to produce additional sugars, or are recycled and added to fresh biomass, which is saccharified under high-shear milling conditions. The methods result in improved conversion of cellulosic biomass to glucose.

This disclosure describes processes for using a single cellulosic feedstock or a combination of two or more different cellulosic feedstocks with a starch component to produce a fermented product. The process includes separating the components of the cellulosic feedstocks with fractionation, pretreating a component with wet fractionation with chemicals, hydrolysis and fermentation of the pretreated feedstock(s) to produce cellulosic biofuel. The process may include combining the cellulosic feedstock(s) with other components to a cook and/or a fermentation process, distilling and dehydrating the combined components to produce the bio fuel. The process may also include producing a whole stillage stream from the feedstock(s) and mechanically processing the whole stillage stream to produce a high-value protein animal feed.