A method for the production of cast iron starting from pre-reduced iron ore (DRI) with an electric arc furnace includes the steps of preparing a charge of pre-reduced iron ore DRI having a metallization higher than 90% and containing over 2.8% by weight of carbon, wherein at least 80% of the carbon is combined with the iron to form iron carbide Fe.sub.3C; charging the charge of pre-reduced iron ore into the electric arc furnace; and melting the DRI charge to form liquid cast iron having at least 80% by weight of actual carbon content deriving from the carbon in the charge of pre-reduced iron ore, the melting step being in a reducing atmosphere and in a melting chamber of the electric arc furnace subjected to a positive internal pressure generated by the gases produced by reduction reactions that develop during melting.

A method for ironmaking by smelting reduction in a stir-generated vortex includes: (1) placing a pig iron in an induction furnace, and then heating the pig iron to a molten state to form a molten iron, and maintaining the molten iron to be greater than or equal to 1450° C.; (2) stirring a center of the molten iron to form a vortex with a height-to-diameter ratio of 0.5-2.5, and continuously performing stirring; (3) mixing and grinding on an iron-containing mineral, a reducing agent and a slag-forming agent in a mass ratio of 1:(0.1-0.15):(0.25-0.4) to obtain a powder mixture, spraying and blowing the powder mixture to a center of the vortex, performing a reduction reaction, and stopping the stirring after the molten iron and molten slags are obtained, wherein a waste gas is produced; and (4) discharging the molten iron and the molten slags respectively, and exhausting a treated waste gas.

A method for ironmaking by smelting reduction in a stir-generated vortex includes: (1) placing a pig iron in an induction furnace, and then heating the pig iron to a molten state to form a molten iron, and maintaining the molten iron to be greater than or equal to 1450° C.; (2) stirring a center of the molten iron to form a vortex with a height-to-diameter ratio of 0.5-2.5, and continuously performing stirring; (3) mixing and grinding on an iron-containing mineral, a reducing agent and a slag-forming agent in a mass ratio of 1:(0.1-0.15):(0.25-0.4) to obtain a powder mixture, spraying and blowing the powder mixture to a center of the vortex, performing a reduction reaction, and stopping the stirring after the molten iron and molten slags are obtained, wherein a waste gas is produced; and (4) discharging the molten iron and the molten slags respectively, and exhausting a treated waste gas.

This electric furnace includes one or more upper electrodes, one or more bottom-blowing tuyeres, a mechanical stirrer equipped with an impeller, and a charging device which injects an iron oxide-containing iron raw material.

This electric furnace includes one or more upper electrodes, one or more bottom-blowing tuyeres, a mechanical stirrer equipped with an impeller, and a charging device which injects an iron oxide-containing iron raw material.

A method for the production of cast iron starting from pre-reduced iron ore (DRI) with an electric arc furnace includes the steps of preparing a charge of pre-reduced iron ore DRI having a metallization higher than 90% and containing over 2.8% by weight of carbon, wherein at least 80% of the carbon is combined with the iron to form iron carbide Fe.sub.3C; charging the charge of pre-reduced iron ore into the electric arc furnace; and melting the DRI charge to form liquid cast iron having at least 80% by weight of actual carbon content deriving from the carbon in the charge of pre-reduced iron ore, the melting step being in a reducing atmosphere and in a melting chamber of the electric arc furnace subjected to a positive internal pressure generated by the gases produced by reduction reactions that develop during melting.

A method for the production of cast iron starting from pre-reduced iron ore (DRI) with an electric arc furnace includes the steps of preparing a charge of pre-reduced iron ore DRI having a metallization higher than 90% and containing over 2.8% by weight of carbon, wherein at least 80% of the carbon is combined with the iron to form iron carbide Fe.sub.3C; charging the charge of pre-reduced iron ore into the electric arc furnace; and melting the DRI charge to form liquid cast iron having at least 80% by weight of actual carbon content deriving from the carbon in the charge of pre-reduced iron ore, the melting step being in a reducing atmosphere and in a melting chamber of the electric arc furnace subjected to a positive internal pressure generated by the gases produced by reduction reactions that develop during melting.

The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments to a method for steel production, the method comprising forming a hydrogen and a carbon from a natural gas using thermal plasma electrolysis; reducing iron ore fines with the H.sub.2 to form an iron briquette; melting the briquette iron from the furnace to form a melted iron and melted non-metallic slag; separating the non-metallic slag from the melted iron in the furnace; combining the carbon and the melted iron in a furnace to form a carbon black and iron mixture; and alloying the melted iron with the carbon black to form a steel.

The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments to a method for steel production, the method comprising forming a hydrogen and a carbon from a natural gas using thermal plasma electrolysis; reducing iron ore fines with the H.sub.2 to form an iron briquette; melting the briquette iron from the furnace to form a melted iron and melted non-metallic slag; separating the non-metallic slag from the melted iron in the furnace; combining the carbon and the melted iron in a furnace to form a carbon black and iron mixture; and alloying the melted iron with the carbon black to form a steel.

A method of reducing metal oxides in a plasma arc torch comprising a cathode and an anode. The method comprises collecting a set of metallic oxide ore and filtering the set of ore based on a particle size. The method further comprises preprocessing the filtered ore with the application of a heat gradient or an electric current. The preprocessed ore is mixed with a composition of reduction gases. The mixture is injected into the plasma arc torch to form a post-plasma mixture. The method further comprises collecting the post-plasma mixture and analyzing the post-plasma mixture. The method also comprises separating the post-plasma mixture into a set of slag and a set of liquid.