A slag conditioner for electric arc furnace steel production comprising a carbonate-containing material with the balance being a reducing agent that comprises a reducing element that is easily oxidized in an exothermic reaction. The slag conditioner may further include carbonaceous material and/or an MgO-containing material. The slag conditioners may be in particulate, pellet, or briquette form. Also, a method of conditioning the slag in an electric arc furnace where steel in being produced, the method comprising introducing the particulate or pellet slag conditioners into the slag or into an interface between the slag and the molten metal or charging the briquette slag conditioners into the top of the furnace.

A method for forming a foamy slag in an electric arc melting furnace during the production of a ferrous alloy may include: (a) melting a metal charge in the electric arc furnace to obtain a molten metal bath including a layer of a floating slag; (b) introducing a foamy slag forming agent into the furnace to foam the floating slag. The agent may be a composite material in granular form which includes at least one thermoplastic polymeric material and at least one biogenic carbonaceous material.

To produce manganese containing ferroalloy for steel production, an agglomeration mixture is produced which comprises chromite ore concentrate and manganese ore fines with a grain size smaller than 6-9 mm. The mixture is agglomerated to produce green agglomeration products, such as pellets or other types of agglomerates. The green agglomeration products are sintered in a steel belt sintering furnace to produce either sinter or sintered pellets. The sinter or sintered pellets are smelted in a submerged arc furnace to produce manganese and chromium containing ferroalloy. The ferroalloy produced by the method comprises 6.0-35 w-% manganese and 31-54 w-% chromium.

The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, and specifically to a method for producing steel in an electric arc furnace. A known method for making steel in an electric arc furnace includes, at least, loading, into the working space of a furnace, a solid metal charge and, at least, solid carbon-containing materials, melting the charge using electric arcs, carburizing the metal using the solid carbon-containing materials during melting, and outputting metal and slag from the furnace. It is proposed to conduct the melting process with the addition, to the working space of the furnace, of a high-carbon carburizer in the form of a liquid phase of iron recovered from the arc combustion zone for the additional carburization of the metal, wherein the high-carbon carburizer is obtained from iron oxides and carbonaceous material. The iron oxides and carbonaceous material are fed into the arc combustion zone, the dimensions of which are limited by D=d.sub.p+6d.sub.el, where d.sub.p is the electrode pitch circle diameter and d.sub.el is the diameter of an electrode. The total carbon content, in free and dissolved forms in the liquid iron phase, does not exceed 30%. The total amount of carburizer used in melting does not exceed 20% of the mass of the metal charge. The carburizer is fed continuously or periodically into the working space of the furnace during the charge melting process. The feeding of carburizer begins as charge melting begins. The use of the invention results in increased liquid metal output by means of regulating carbon content in the course of melting, increasing the carburization level of metal from the very beginning of melting, and reducing the loss of iron to slag and smoke.

A method of treating an offgas includes purifying the offgas to remove particulate matter, water, undesirable gaseous components and inert gases to produce a dried carbon oxide gas feedstock, and converting at least a portion of carbon oxides in the dried carbon oxide gas feedstock into solid carbon. In other embodiments, a method includes passing a dried carbon oxide gas feedstock through a multi-stage catalytic converter. A first stage is configured to catalyze methane-reforming reactions to convert methane into carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen with residual methane. A second stage is configured to catalyze the Bosch reaction and convert carbon oxides and hydrogen to solid carbon and water.

Provided are a method and to an arrangement for monitoring characteristics of a furnace process in a furnace space limited by a furnace shell of a metallurgical furnace. The arrangement comprises a process monitoring unit having a frame mounted by means of a mounting means on the metallurgical furnace outside the furnace space of the furnace shell. Also provided is a process monitoring unit for use in the method and/or in the arrangement.

The invention relates to the field of metallurgy and can be used in the making of steel in a single installation that encompasses all of the stages of the making and refining of steel as well as the casting of steel from the installation. The present installation comprises: a casting ladle with two slide gates; a water-cooled roof with electrodes, which is docked to the ladle and is connected to a gas cleaner; a slag runner; dosing bins for adding fluxes and deoxidizers; charging pipes for adding charge materials; a hot metal pouring-in funnel; a jet for injecting natural gas and air or oxygen, which is comprised of coaxial pipes and is mounted in pouring nozzle of the slide gate which is intended for melting process; and, connected to an injection apparatus, a tubule for injecting slag-forming reagents together with an inert gas or nitrogen. The installation is provided with a conveyor, which has a fuel burner and is connected to the roof. In the installation, cavities formed during melting are filled by the adding of grinded scrap and/or pre-reduced pellets, which are heated by furnace exhaust gases and/or additional natural gas flames during their motion on the conveyor covered by the roof and water-cooled. The invention makes it possible to avoid heat loss, reduce fuel consumption and also increase the stability of the process of melting and treating a metal in a single modernized installation under automated conditions without deactivating the installation and removing the furnace roof.

The metallurgical furnace comprises a closed vessel enclosing a reducing atmosphere. The vessel comprises at least one electrode providing energy to a burden. The burden comprises a body of molten metal having an upper surface. A carbon injecting lance, in an operational position thereof, extends from an inlet end thereof outside the vessel through a port in the vessel to an outlet end thereof inside the vessel where the lance terminates below the upper surface. The inlet end is connected to a source of carbon. The lance being movable between the operational position and a retracted position wherein the outlet end is outside the vessel. The furnace further comprises a gastight enclosure for the lance when in the retracted position. The enclosure locates on the vessel in gastight manner and over the port and maintains the reducing atmosphere in the vessel.

A method of controlling the amount of hydrogen in steel for consistent heat transfer in continuous casting by adding a hydrocarbon to the molten metal. A heat of molten steel is formed in a ladle metallurgy furnace adapted for use in continuous casting. Then, a hydrocarbon is added to the molten metal in the ladle metallurgy furnace in an amount sufficient to increase hydrogen levels in the molten steel for casting. And finally, the molten steel with a desired level of hydrogen is delivered to a caster to continuously cast a steel product.

A slag conditioner including 20-90 wt. % carbonaceous material with the balance being an MgO-containing material having at least 50% MgO as periclase, wherein the MgO(total):C weight ratio is 0.05-0.4. The slag conditioner may further comprise a CaO-containing material. The slag conditioner may be a particulate comprising particles of carbonaceous material mixed with particles of MgO-containing materials, may be in pellet form, or may be a briquette. Also, a method of conditioning the slag in an electric arc furnace including injecting the particulate slag conditioner or the pellet slag conditioner discussed above into the slag or into an interface between the slag and the molten metal or charging the briquette slag conditioner discussed above into the top of the furnace.