A molten metal reactor comprising at least the following components a) through c): a) a reactor vessel comprising a molten metal bath, b) an injection assembly, and c) a product removal assembly.

Disclosed herein, in some aspects, are systems and methods for producing a material comprising iron through self-reduction of iron ore using bio-oil and/or other reducing agents (e.g., bio-based reducing agents), such as biocrude, ethanol, or other bio-based liquids or biologically sourced liquids. The bio-oil and/or other reducing agents can be mixed with the iron ore to form a furnace mixture, which can be heated, such that the components of the bio-oil and/or other reducing agents in the furnace mixture reduce the iron ore to form an iron product (e.g., a material that includes metallic iron). In some cases, the pre-formed furnace mixture allows for the reducing agents to interact with the iron more readily, thereby providing for quicker reaction rates, and thereby quicker reduction of iron ore, as compared to direct reduction iron production.

A charged material containing alloy iron of at least one of ferrochrome containing metallic Si or ferrosilicon, and unreduced slag containing Cr oxide generated by oxidative refining, is charged into an electric furnace as a mixture in which a mass ratio of a metallic Si amount to a Cr oxide amount is from 0.30 to 0.40, and a C concentration is in a range of from 2.0% by mass to a saturation concentration, and molten iron containing Cr obtained due to the Cr oxide undergoing reduction processing is produced, such that, when the charged material is heated and melted in the electric furnace, an attainment temperature is set to from 1400 C. to 1700 C., a maximum average heating rate in any 80 C. interval from 1300 C. to the attainment temperature is set to 15.0 C./min or less, and a minimum average heating rate in any 80 C. interval from 1300 C. to the attainment temperature is set to 3.0 C./min or greater.

Disclosed are a recarburizer based on a solid iron-containing carbonaceous product derived from a process of pyrolyzing methane in a methane-containing feedstock in the presence of an iron-based catalyst and a method of producing the same, where a solid, iron-containing carbonaceous material formed during methane pyrolysis using the iron-based catalyst can be produced into a molded product having a predetermined shape without a costly purification process, and can thus be employed in high value-added applications such as recarburizers.

The invention relates to a system and method for bottom electrode compound bottom blowing of multi-media of DC electric arc furnace, which belongs to the field of steelmaking technology. The system includes a plurality of bottom electrodes located at the bottom of furnace, wherein some of the bottom electrodes are bottom blowing electrodes with hollow structures, and some of the bottom blowing electrodes are at least one type of Type I bottom electrode, Type II bottom electrode and Type III bottom electrode; the Type I bottom electrode is used to blow carbonaceous materials into the molten pool to carburize the molten pool to accelerate scrap melting; the Type II bottom electrode is used to blow slagging powder into the molten pool to form molten slag particles in the molten metal to increase the gas-slag-gold three-phase reaction interface area during the dephosphorization reaction; the Type III bottom electrode is used to blow gas into the molten pool to accelerate mass transfer in the molten pool; the system also includes a control unit connected to the bottom blowing electrode to realize online adjustment of the blowing parameters in combination with the power supply intensity of the bottom blowing electrode during the smelting process. The invention can improve production efficiency and reduce consumption of raw and auxiliary materials.

A method for manufacturing pig iron in a smelting furnace including a vessel, the method including-the following successive steps: loading DRI product in the vessel, melting the DRI product to form a pig iron layer topped by a slag layer, and injecting a carbon containing material directly in the pig iron layer. It also deals with the manufacturing of steel from the pig iron and an associated electrical smelting furnace.

A method for manufacturing pig iron in an electrical smelting furnace including a vessel, the method including the following successive steps: loading DRI product in the vessel, melting the DRI product to form a pig iron layer topped by a slag layer, and injecting a desulphurizing reagent directly in the pig iron layer. It also deals with the manufacturing of steel from the pig iron and the associated electrical smelting furnace.

A method for manufacturing pig iron in an electrical smelting furnace including a vessel, the method including the following successive steps: loading DRI product in the vessel, melting the DRI product to form a pig iron layer topped by a slag layer and, tapping the pig iron into a ladle, and adding a carbon containing material directly in the pig iron in the runner of at least one of the smelting furnace tap holes. It also deals with the manufacturing of steel from the pig iron and the associated electrical smelting furnace.

Proposed is a technology capable of inexpensively and stably reducing the nitrogen concentration in molten steel within a melting furnace or a refining furnace to a low nitrogen concentration range. Provided is a method for denitrifying molten steel including supplying an oxygen-containing gas and a carbon source carried with a carrier gas to the molten steel charged into a melting furnace or a refining furnace, in which the oxygen-containing gas and the carbon source are simultaneously blown onto the molten steel under a condition that, provided that a triangle XYZ is defined by connecting, in a plan view seen from above, a distal end (point X) of a discharge port of a carbon-source blowpipe; an intersection point (point Y) between an inner wall of the furnace and a line obtained by extending a central axis of a carbon source blowing direction; and a distal end (point Z) of a discharge port of an oxygen-blowing lance, that a point

W is positioned on a side XY that is away from the point X by a distance a length of the side XY, and that an angle) .sub.1() is an angle XZW, an angle .sub.2() of an oxygen-containing-gas blowing direction that is open toward a Y side with respect to a side ZX passing through the distal end (point Z) of the discharge port of the oxygen-blowing lance in the plan view seen from above is a positive value and is the angle .sub.1 or less.