The invention relates to a component in the form of a wheel comprising: a hub portion, a rim portion with an outer rim flange and an inner rim flange, a plurality of circumferentially distributed spokes extending between the hub portion and the rim portion, wherein the spokes and the hub portion are arranged offset with respect to a wheel center plane towards the outer rim flange and have an inner side facing the wheel center plane and an outer side directed away from the wheel center plane, wherein the outer rim flange has greater tensile residual stresses at least in a partial region than at least a partial region of the inner rim flange.

A method is provided for laser hardening a substantially cylindrical surface of a workpiece, e.g. the wheel rim of the wheel disk of a track-guided railway wheel, at least with a partial width of its wheel tread and/or of the side of its flange facing the wheel tread, which are subjected to abrasion. The method includes projecting a laser spot, by means of a laser source, onto the surface of the wheel disk which is to be processed, producing relative movement between the surface and the laser source by rotating the wheel disk about its axis of rotation, scanning the laser beam with respect to the surface which is to be processed, during the rotational movement, and modulating the laser beam in accordance with various criteria, for example with respect to its power and/or its scanning speed and/or its laser spot size and/or its scanning pattern.

The present invention provides a high strength, high toughness, heat-cracking resistant bainite steel wheel for rail transportation and a manufacturing method thereof. Components are: carbon 0.10-0.40%, silicon 1.00-2.00%, manganese 1.00-2.50%, copper 0.20-1.00%, boron 0.0001-0.035%, nickel 0.10-1.00%, phosphorus ≤0.020%, and sulphur ≤0.020%, where the remaining is iron and unavoidable residual elements, 1.50%≤Si+Ni≤3.00%, and 1.50%≤Mn+Ni+Cu≤3.00%. Compared with the prior art, in the present invention, by using design of the chemical compositions of steel and wheel manufacturing processes, especially a heat treatment process and technology, a rim of the wheel obtains a carbide-free bainite structure, and a web and a wheel hub obtain a metallographic structure based on granular bainite and a supersaturated ferritic structure. The wheel has comprehensive mechanical properties such as high strength, high toughness, heat-cracking resistant performance and good service performance, thereby improving a service life and comprehensive efficiency of the wheel, bringing specific economic and social benefits.

The present invention provides a high strength, high toughness, heat-cracking resistant bainite steel wheel for rail transportation and a manufacturing method thereof. Components are: carbon 0.10-0.40%, silicon 1.00-2.00%, manganese 1.00-2.50%, copper 0.20-1.00%, boron 0.0001-0.035%, nickel 0.10-1.00%, phosphorus ≤0.020%, and sulphur ≤0.020%, where the remaining is iron and unavoidable residual elements, 1.50%≤Si+Ni≤3.00%, and 1.50%≤Mn+Ni+Cu≤3.00%. Compared with the prior art, in the present invention, by using design of the chemical compositions of steel and wheel manufacturing processes, especially a heat treatment process and technology, a rim of the wheel obtains a carbide-free bainite structure, and a web and a wheel hub obtain a metallographic structure based on granular bainite and a supersaturated ferritic structure. The wheel has comprehensive mechanical properties such as high strength, high toughness, heat-cracking resistant performance and good service performance, thereby improving a service life and comprehensive efficiency of the wheel, bringing specific economic and social benefits.

A railway wheel having, in mass %, C: 0.80 to 1.15%, Si: 1.00% or less, Mn: 0.10 to 1.25%, P: 0.050% or less, S: 0.030% or less, Al: 0.025 to 0.650%, N: 0.0030 to 0.0200%, Cr: 0 to 0.60%, and V: 0 to 0.12%, with the balance being Fe and impurities. The railway wheel has a hub part, a rim part including a tread and a flange, and a web part disposed between the hub part and the rim part. The area fraction of pearlite in the hub, web, and rim parts is 95% or more, and the amount of pro-eutectoid cementite is not more than 1.0 pieces/100 μm. The amount of pro-eutectoid cementite is calculated as (pieces/100 μm)=a total sum of the number of pieces of pro-eutectoid cementite which intersect with two diagonal lines in a square visual field of 200 μm×200 μm/(5.66×100 μm).

A railway wheel having, in mass %, C: 0.80 to 1.15%, Si: 1.00% or less, Mn: 0.10 to 1.25%, P: 0.050% or less, S: 0.030% or less, Al: 0.025 to 0.650%, N: 0.0030 to 0.0200%, Cr: 0 to 0.60%, and V: 0 to 0.12%, with the balance being Fe and impurities. The railway wheel has a hub part, a rim part including a tread and a flange, and a web part disposed between the hub part and the rim part. The area fraction of pearlite in the hub, web, and rim parts is 95% or more, and the amount of pro-eutectoid cementite is not more than 1.0 pieces/100 μm. The amount of pro-eutectoid cementite is calculated as (pieces/100 μm)=a total sum of the number of pieces of pro-eutectoid cementite which intersect with two diagonal lines in a square visual field of 200 μm×200 μm/(5.66×100 μm).

The railway wheel according to the present embodiment has a chemical composition consisting of: in mass %, C: 0.80 to 1.15%, Si: 0.45% or less, Mn: 0.10 to 0.85%, P: 0.050% or less, S: 0.030% or less, Al: 0.200 to 1.500%, N: 0.0200% or less, Nb: 0.005 to 0.050%, Cr: 0 to 0.25%, and V: 0 to 0.12%, with the balance being Fe and impurities, wherein at least in the microstructure of the rim part and the web part, the amount of pro-eutectoid cementite defined by Formula (1) is 2.00 pieces/100 μm or less:

Amount of pro-eutectoid cementite (pieces/100 μm)=a total sum of the number of pieces of pro-eutectoid cementite which intersect with two diagonal lines in a square visual field of 200 μm×200 μm/(5.66×100 μm)×100  (1)

Methods of making magnesium-based alloy components are provided. A preform of a magnesium-based alloy having a plurality of zirconium-rich domains distributed in a magnesium-alloy matrix is subjected to a temperature of ≥ about 360° C. and a deformation process that facilitates selective dynamic recrystallization to create a bimodal microstructure in the magnesium-based alloy component having a plurality of un-recrystallized regions distributed in a matrix comprising dynamically recrystallized grains. The magnesium-based alloy includes zinc (Zn) at ≥ about 2 to ≤ about 4 wt. % of the magnesium-based alloy, zirconium (Zr) at ≥ about 0.62 wt. % to ≤ about 1 wt. % of the magnesium-based alloy, total impurities at ≤ about 0.1 wt. % of the magnesium-based alloy, and a balance of magnesium (Mg). Hot-formed magnesium-based alloy components formed from such methods are also contemplated, including automotive components.

Methods of making magnesium-based alloy components are provided. A preform of a magnesium-based alloy having a plurality of zirconium-rich domains distributed in a magnesium-alloy matrix is subjected to a temperature of ≥ about 360° C. and a deformation process that facilitates selective dynamic recrystallization to create a bimodal microstructure in the magnesium-based alloy component having a plurality of un-recrystallized regions distributed in a matrix comprising dynamically recrystallized grains. The magnesium-based alloy includes zinc (Zn) at ≥ about 2 to ≤ about 4 wt. % of the magnesium-based alloy, zirconium (Zr) at ≥ about 0.62 wt. % to ≤ about 1 wt. % of the magnesium-based alloy, total impurities at ≤ about 0.1 wt. % of the magnesium-based alloy, and a balance of magnesium (Mg). Hot-formed magnesium-based alloy components formed from such methods are also contemplated, including automotive components.

The present invention discloses a low cost lean production bainitic steel wheel for rail transit and a manufacturing method therefor. The steel wheel contains elements with the following weight percentages: carbon C: 0.15-0.45%, silicon Si: 1.00-2.50%, manganese Mn: 1.20-3.00%, rare earth RE: 0.001-0.040%, phosphorus P≤0.020%, and sulphur S≤0.020%, where the remaining is iron and unavoidable residual elements, and 3.00%≤Si+Mn≤5.00%. Compared with the prior art, through alloying design and a preparation process, especially a heat treatment process and technology, a rim of the wheel obtains a carbide-free bainite structure, and a web and a wheel hub obtain granular bainite, a supersaturated ferritic structure, and a small amount of pearlite. The wheel has high comprehensive mechanical properties and service performance. In addition, the heat treatment process and technology are fully used without particularly adding alloying elements such as Mo, Ni, V, Cr, and B, to greatly reduce costs of steel and realize lean production.