A heap of a material to be leached to recover a valuable metal from the material includes an electromagnetic heating system to generate heat in situ in the heap.

A system for using aqueous means for solubilizing chemical components contained in Sulphur type ore concentrate which may contain iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, platinum group metals and other metals considered valuable and of commercial interest, and a method of using the aqueous means for solubilizing such components is described.

A system for using aqueous means for solubilizing chemical components contained in Sulphur type ore concentrate which may contain iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, platinum group metals and other metals considered valuable and of commercial interest, and a method of using the aqueous means for solubilizing such components is described.

A geothermally powered tin production system includes a geothermal system with a wellbore extending from a surface into an underground magma reservoir. Geothermal energy powers systems and processes used to extract tin from a tin-containing starting material.

A geothermally powered tin production system includes a geothermal system with a wellbore extending from a surface into an underground magma reservoir. Geothermal energy powers systems and processes used to extract tin from a tin-containing starting material.

A geothermally powered tin production system includes a geothermal system with a wellbore extending from a surface into an underground magma reservoir. Geothermal energy powers systems and processes used to extract tin from a tin-containing starting material.

A heap of a material to be leached to recover a valuable metal from the material includes an electromagnetic heating system to generate heat in situ in the heap.

A heap of a material to be leached to recover a valuable metal from the material includes an electromagnetic heating system to generate heat in situ in the heap.

A method and apparatus for step-by-step retrieving valuable metals from waste printed circuit board particles. Many kinds of metals, most existing in form of elementary substance or alloy, are contained in the waste printed circuit boards. Molten metals are separated selectively by supergravity separation at different temperatures to achieve the step-by-step recovery. Tin-based alloys, lead-based alloy, zinc aluminum alloy, crude copper and precious-metal-enriched residues with different metal contents are separated out and collected on the condition of different temperatures (T=200300 C., 330430 C., 700900 C., 11001300 C.) and controlling the gravity coefficient (G=501000) and separation time (t=220 min) etc. Different metals or alloys can be separated quickly and efficiently and the residue concentration of precious metals can be obtained. The process is simple and low cost to provide an efficient way to recovery the enrichment of valuable metals from electronic wastes.

Processes for the production of tantalum alloys and niobium are disclosed. The processes use aluminothermic reactions to reduce tantalum pentoxide to tantalum metal or niobium pentoxide to niobium metal.