Ultrasonic probes containing a plurality of gas delivery channels are disclosed, as well as ultrasonic probes containing recessed areas near the tip of the probe. Ultrasonic devices containing these probes, and methods for molten metal degassing using these ultrasonic devices, also are disclosed.

Ultrasonic probes containing a plurality of gas delivery channels are disclosed, as well as ultrasonic probes containing recessed areas near the tip of the probe. Ultrasonic devices containing these probes, and methods for molten metal degassing using these ultrasonic devices, also are disclosed.

Processes for the production of platinum group metal (PGM)-enriched alloys are described. The PGM enriched-alloys can have 0 to 60 wt.-% of iron and 20 to 99 wt.-% of one or more PGMs selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium and rhodium. The described processes exhibit remarkably low PGM losses during production of PGM-enriched alloys therefore yield alloys having considerably high PGM levels.

Processes for the production of platinum group metal (PGM)-enriched alloys are described. The PGM enriched-alloys can have 0 to 60 wt.-% of iron and 20 to 99 wt.-% of one or more PGMs selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium and rhodium. The described processes exhibit remarkably low PGM losses during production of PGM-enriched alloys therefore yield alloys having considerably high PGM levels.

Ultrasonic probes containing a plurality of gas delivery channels are disclosed, as well as ultrasonic probes containing recessed areas near the tip of the probe. Ultrasonic devices containing these probes, and methods for molten metal degassing using these ultrasonic devices, also are disclosed.

Ultrasonic probes containing a plurality of gas delivery channels are disclosed, as well as ultrasonic probes containing recessed areas near the tip of the probe. Ultrasonic devices containing these probes, and methods for molten metal degassing using these ultrasonic devices, also are disclosed.

A method and an apparatus for recycling magnesium alloy cuttings are provided. A structure of the apparatus includes: a smelting furnace, configured to hold molten magnesium, where the smelting furnace is segmented into a refining chamber and a molten metal tapping chamber in communication with each other; a mixing unit, rotatably disposed in the refining chamber, and configured to generate a sinking whirlpool toward a bottom of the smelting furnace during rotation; and a waste material treatment unit, including a feeding module, where the feeding module includes a material rod capable of continuously rotating and a material channel in communication with the refining chamber, the material rod is configured to drive magnesium cuttings to enter the refining chamber through the material channel, and the material channel is configured to feed a protective gas.

A method of operating a burner assembly is provided. The method includes the steps of: providing combustible fuel at the input end of the burner assembly; providing atomization air at the input end of the burner assembly; transporting the combustible fuel and the atomization air to the output end of the burner assembly through concentric fluid lines; mixing the combustible fuel and the atomization air to atomize the combustible fuel; adjusting a flow of the combustible fuel and the atomization air to obtain atomized fuel with an air-to-fuel atomization ratio of less than 0.6; outputting the atomized fuel from a nozzle at the output end of the burner assembly; and igniting the atomized fuel to produce a flame. A burner assembly operable by said method, and a corresponding nozzle are also provided.

An improved permeable bottom crucible is provided. The permeable bottom crucible is particularly suitable for degassing molten metal. The permeable bottom crucible comprises a refractory ceramic body comprising walls and an integral bottom wherein the integral bottom has a porous portion. The porous portion has a porosity which is higher than a porosity of the walls. Inductive coils are around the refractory ceramic body. A plug is arranged to disperse gas through the porous portion.

An improved permeable bottom crucible is provided. The permeable bottom crucible is particularly suitable for degassing molten metal. The permeable bottom crucible comprises a refractory ceramic body comprising walls and an integral bottom wherein the integral bottom has a porous portion. The porous portion has a porosity which is higher than a porosity of the walls. Inductive coils are around the refractory ceramic body. A plug is arranged to disperse gas through the porous portion.