A method for removing powder from a component or part produced by metal additive manufacturing systems based on powder beds. The method includes manufacturing a part by additive manufacturing, the part having at least one internal cavity with at least one external opening. The internal cavity is at least partly filled with powder, the powder in the internal cavity having grains agglomerated or connected to each other. The method further including: evacuating gas from the internal cavity; adding liquid electrolyte to the internal cavity, and using an electrochemical process for separating connected powder grains in the cavity.

Provided is a novel sintered oil-impregnated bearing superior in wear resistance and cost performance under a severe use condition where the bearing collides with a shaft due to a high load and vibration, such as a condition associated with an output shaft of an electric motor installed in a vehicle and a wiper motor installed therein. The sintered oil-impregnated bearing contains: 15 to 30% by mass of Cu; 1 to 4% by mass of C; and a remainder consisting of Fe and inevitable impurities, in which a metal structure with copper being melted therein is provided at least on a bearing surface; pearlite or a pearlite with ferrite being partially scattered therein is provided in a matrix; a copper-rich phase arranged in a mesh-like manner is also provided in the matrix; and a free graphite is dispersed and distributed in the matrix as well.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of methods, devices, and assemblies for processing feedstock materials using microwave plasma processing. Specifically, the feedstock materials disclosed herein pertains to scrap materials, dehydrogenated or non-hydrogenated feed material, recycled used powder, and gas atomized powders. Microwave plasma processing can be used to spheroidize and remove contaminants. Advantageously, microwave plasma processed feedstock can be used in various applications such as additive manufacturing or powdered metallurgy (PM) applications that require high powder flowability.

Provided is a mixed powder for powder metallurgy that contains a readily available compound as a lubricant, does not need to contain a stain-causing metal soap, has excellent ejection properties, and can exhibit excellent fluidity without deteriorating the ejection properties even in the case of further containing carbon black. The mixed powder for powder metallurgy contains (a) an iron-based powder and (b) a lubricant, where the lubricant (b) contains a specific aliphatic amine.

Provided is a mixed powder for powder metallurgy that contains a readily available compound as a lubricant, does not need to contain a stain-causing metal soap, has excellent ejection properties, and can exhibit excellent fluidity without deteriorating the ejection properties even in the case of further containing carbon black. The mixed powder for powder metallurgy contains (a) an iron-based powder and (b) a lubricant, where the lubricant (b) contains a specific aliphatic amine.

A production method for water-atomized metal powder includes: in a region in which the average temperature of a molten metal stream having an Fe concentration of 76.0 at % or more and less than 82.9 at % is 100° C. or more higher than the melting point, spraying primary cooling water at a convergence angle of 10° to 25°, where the convergence angle is an angle between an impact direction on the molten metal stream from one direction and an impact direction on the molten metal stream from any other direction; and in a region in which 0.0004 seconds or more have passed after an impact of the primary cooling water and the average temperature of metal powder is the melting point or higher and (the melting point+100° C.) or lower, spraying secondary cooling water on the metal powder under conditions of an impact pressure of 10 MPa or more.

A variator having at least one roller which runs upon at least one race to transfer drive from one to the other at variable ratio. The variator has a fluid supply for supplying fluid to the race and roller thereby to provide a fluid film by which the roller and the race are separated in use. The roller has a running surface with root means square roughness R.sub.q(roller) and the race having a root means square roughness R.sub.q(race). The variator's specific film thickness is the minimum thickness of the fluid film in normal operation divided by the composite roughness, and is less than 1.0. At least one of the roller and the race has a powder metal surface with a Ra roughness above 0.1 micrometers.

The present invention provides a permanent magnet suitable as a variable flux magnet for a variable magnetic flux motor. A permanent magnet comprising R (R is composed of 75 at % or more of Nd and 25 at % or less of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Y, Ce, La, Pr, Sm, Eu, Gd, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu), Fe and B as the main component, wherein, said permanent magnet is composed of a main phase of a crystal structure represented by R.sub.2Fe.sub.14B, a ratio of the element R to all constituent element satisfies 11.8 at %≦R≦12.2 at %, a cross-sectional area ratio Are of the sub-phase with a higher concentration of R than that of the main phase to the whole magnet structure satisfies 0%<Are≦1.3%, and a cross-sectional area ratio Ama of the main phase to the whole magnet structure is 97%≦Ama.

A composite wear pad includes a substrate that is selected from the group of iron based alloys, steel, nickel based alloys, and cobalt based alloys. A hard particle-matrix alloy layer is bonded at a surface to the substrate. The hard particle-matrix alloy layer has a plurality of hard particles dispersed in a matrix alloy. The hard particle-matrix alloy layer has a thickness ranging between greater than about 13 millimeters and about 20 millimeters.

One embodiment of the present invention provides a polymeric ammunition having a metal injection molded primer insert.