A method for producing a metal film from an over 50% nickel alloy melts more than one ton of the alloy in a furnace, followed by VOD or VLF system treatment, then pouring off to form a pre-product, followed by re-melting by VAR and/or ESU. The pre-product is annealed 1-300 hours between 800 and 1350 C. under air or protection gas, then hot-formed between 1300 and 600 C., such that the pre-product then has 1-100 mm thickness after the forming and is not recrystallized, recovered, and/or (dynamically) recrystallized having a grain size below 300 m. The pre-product is pickled, then cold-formed to produce a film having 10-600 m end thickness and a deformation ratio greater than 90%. The film is cut into 5-300 mm strips, annealed 1 second to 5 hours under protection gas between 600 and 1200 C. in a continuous furnace, then recrystallized to have a high cubic texture proportion.

A wire comprising a wire core with a surface, the wire core having a coating layer superimposed on its surface, wherein the wire core includes: (a) pure silver consisting of silver and further components; or (b) doped silver consisting of silver, at least one doping element, and further components; or (c) a silver alloy consisting of silver, palladium and further components; or (d) a silver alloy consisting of silver, palladium, gold, and further components; or (e) a doped silver alloy consisting of silver, palladium, gold, at least one doping element, and further components, wherein the individual amount of any further component is less than 30 wt.-ppm and the individual amount of any doping element is at least 30 wt.-ppm, and the coating layer is a single-layer of gold or palladium or a double-layer comprised of an inner layer of nickel or palladium and an adjacent outer layer of gold.

A wire comprising a wire core with a surface, the wire core having a coating layer superimposed on its surface, wherein the wire core includes: (a) pure silver consisting of silver and further components; or (b) doped silver consisting of silver, at least one doping element, and further components; or (c) a silver alloy consisting of silver, palladium and further components; or (d) a silver alloy consisting of silver, palladium, gold, and further components; or (e) a doped silver alloy consisting of silver, palladium, gold, at least one doping element, and further components, wherein the individual amount of any further component is less than 30 wt.-ppm and the individual amount of any doping element is at least 30 wt.-ppm, and the coating layer is a single-layer of gold or palladium or a double-layer comprised of an inner layer of nickel or palladium and an adjacent outer layer of gold.

A method of refining a microstructure of a titanium material can include providing a solid titanium material at a temperature below about 400 C. The titanium material can be heated under a hydrogen-containing atmosphere to a hydrogen charging temperature that is above a transus temperature of the titanium material and below a melting temperature of the titanium material, and held at this temperature for a time sufficient to convert the titanium material to a substantially homogeneous phase. The titanium material can be cooled under the hydrogen-containing atmosphere to a phase transformation temperature below the transus temperature and above about 400 C., and held for a time to produce phase regions. The titanium material can also be held under a substantially hydrogen-free atmosphere or vacuum at a dehydrogenation temperature below the transus temperature and above the phase decomposition temperature to remove hydrogen from the titanium material.

A method of refining a microstructure of a titanium material can include providing a solid titanium material at a temperature below about 400 C. The titanium material can be heated under a hydrogen-containing atmosphere to a hydrogen charging temperature that is above a transus temperature of the titanium material and below a melting temperature of the titanium material, and held at this temperature for a time sufficient to convert the titanium material to a substantially homogeneous phase. The titanium material can be cooled under the hydrogen-containing atmosphere to a phase transformation temperature below the transus temperature and above about 400 C., and held for a time to produce phase regions. The titanium material can also be held under a substantially hydrogen-free atmosphere or vacuum at a dehydrogenation temperature below the transus temperature and above the phase decomposition temperature to remove hydrogen from the titanium material.

An aluminum-iron alloy for casting includes aluminum, iron, silicon, and niobium present in the aluminum-iron alloy in an amount according to formula (I): (Al.sub.3Fe.sub.2Si).sub.1-x+x Nb, wherein x is from 0.25 parts by weight to 2.5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the aluminum-iron alloy. A method of forming a component including forming the aluminum-iron alloy is also described.

An aluminum-iron alloy for casting includes aluminum, iron, silicon, and niobium present in the aluminum-iron alloy in an amount according to formula (I): (Al.sub.3Fe.sub.2Si).sub.1-x+x Nb, wherein x is from 0.25 parts by weight to 2.5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the aluminum-iron alloy. A method of forming a component including forming the aluminum-iron alloy is also described.

This hot-dip Zn-based plated steel sheet includes a steel sheet and a plating layer formed on at least part of a surface of the steel sheet, in which the plating layer has a chemical composition that includes, by mass %, Al: 6.00% to 35.00%, Mg: 2.00% to 12.00%, Ca: 0.005% to 2.00%, Si: 0% to 2.00%, Fe: 0% to 2.00%, Sb: 0% to 0.50%, Sr: 0% to 0.50%, Pb: 0% to 0.50%, Sn: 0% to 1.00%, Cu: 0% to 1.00%, Ti: 0% to 1.00%, Ni: 0% to 1.00%, Mn: 0% to 1.00%, Cr: 0% to 1.00%, and a remainder: Zn and impurities, the plating layer has an area ratio of a MgZn.sub.2 phase in a range of 15% to 60% in a cross section in a thickness direction, and the MgZn.sub.2 phase includes a Ca-based intermetallic compound having a circle equivalent diameter of 0.10 m or smaller.

This hot-dip Zn-based plated steel sheet includes a steel sheet and a plating layer formed on at least part of a surface of the steel sheet, in which the plating layer has a chemical composition that includes, by mass %, Al: 6.00% to 35.00%, Mg: 2.00% to 12.00%, Ca: 0.005% to 2.00%, Si: 0% to 2.00%, Fe: 0% to 2.00%, Sb: 0% to 0.50%, Sr: 0% to 0.50%, Pb: 0% to 0.50%, Sn: 0% to 1.00%, Cu: 0% to 1.00%, Ti: 0% to 1.00%, Ni: 0% to 1.00%, Mn: 0% to 1.00%, Cr: 0% to 1.00%, and a remainder: Zn and impurities, the plating layer has an area ratio of a MgZn.sub.2 phase in a range of 15% to 60% in a cross section in a thickness direction, and the MgZn.sub.2 phase includes a Ca-based intermetallic compound having a circle equivalent diameter of 0.10 m or smaller.

A method for homogenizing the compositions and mechanical performances of nickel-based material brazed joints, includes three homogenized manufacturing steps: Step I, assembling the welding sample, placing it into the vacuum furnace, and then heating up to 830860 C. and holding the temperature; then heating up again to 10501100 C. and holding the temperature; allowing for slow self-cooling in vacuum till it reaches 620640 C.; then filling the furnace with nitrogen and starting the vacuum furnace fan at the same time, so that the sample is cooled down to 4060 C.; Step II, raising the temperature up to 11401160 C. and holding, then cooling it down to the room temperature through water-quenching; Step III, raising the temperature of the welding sample up to 680750 C. again, and cooling it down to the room temperature through air cooling.