Provide a metal surface reforming method enabling metallic products with superior characteristics such as surface hardness, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature oxidation, high temperature corrosion, and environmental corrosion and the like.

Halogenation treatment of heating and retaining a base material in an atmosphere containing a halogen based gas is performed on a base material of iron based metal or nickel based metal, then nitride processing of heating and retaining the halogenated base material described above in an atmosphere containing a nitrogen source gas is performed, then chromizing treatment is performed by placing the nitrided base material in a powder containing metal chromium powder to form a surface reformed layer on the base material described above. These metallic products obtained have high hardness, superior heat resistance and corrosion resistance, and exhibit superior performance in high temperature oxidation, high temperature corrosion, erosion, and cavitation and the like environments. Further, the metallic products described above exhibit superior performance in acid or alkali environments, neutral environments, and corrosive environments such as chlorides like salt water.

Provide a metal surface reforming method enabling metallic products with superior characteristics such as surface hardness, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature oxidation, high temperature corrosion, and environmental corrosion and the like.

Halogenation treatment of heating and retaining a base material in an atmosphere containing a halogen based gas is performed on a base material of iron based metal or nickel based metal, then nitride processing of heating and retaining the halogenated base material described above in an atmosphere containing a nitrogen source gas is performed, then chromizing treatment is performed by placing the nitrided base material in a powder containing metal chromium powder to form a surface reformed layer on the base material described above. These metallic products obtained have high hardness, superior heat resistance and corrosion resistance, and exhibit superior performance in high temperature oxidation, high temperature corrosion, erosion, and cavitation and the like environments. Further, the metallic products described above exhibit superior performance in acid or alkali environments, neutral environments, and corrosive environments such as chlorides like salt water.

A nickel-cobalt material and component includes a thermally stabilized nickel-cobalt alloy. The nickel-cobalt alloy disclosed herein includes nanocrystalline grain structures, pinning, such as Zener pinning, and intragranular twinning. The nickel-cobalt alloy disclosed herein exhibits multiple properties including an improved fracture toughness, an increased thermal stability, and an improved ultimate tensile strength.

A nickel-cobalt material and component includes a thermally stabilized nickel-cobalt alloy. The nickel-cobalt alloy disclosed herein includes nanocrystalline grain structures, pinning, such as Zener pinning, and intragranular twinning. The nickel-cobalt alloy disclosed herein exhibits multiple properties including an improved fracture toughness, an increased thermal stability, and an improved ultimate tensile strength.

A method and apparatus for direct writing of single crystal super alloys and metals. The method including heating a substrate to a predetermined temperature below its melting point; using a laser to form a melt pool on a surface of the substrate, wherein the substrate is positioned on a base plate, and wherein the laser and the base plate are movable relative to each other, the laser being used for direct metal deposition; introducing a superalloy powder to the melt pool; and controlling the temperature of the melt pool to maintain a predetermined thermal gradient on a solid and liquid interface of the melt pool so as to form a single crystal deposit on the substrate. The apparatus configured to generally achieve the aforementioned method.

There is provided an Ni-base super alloy which is used for airplane engines and gas turbines for power generation and has favorable mechanical properties at high temperature. The Ni-base super alloy contains 0.001 to 0.1 mass % of C, 1.0 to 4.0 mass % of Al, 2.0 to 4.5 mass % of Ti, 12.0 to 18.0 mass % of Cr, 11.1 to 18.0 mass % of Co, 1.2 to 12.0 mass % of Fe, 1.5 to 6.5 mass % of Mo, 0.5 to 6.0 mass % of W, 0.1 to 3.0 mass % of Nb, 0.001 to 0.05 mass % of B, 0.001 to 0.1 mass % of Zr, and Ni and impurities as a remainder.

There is provided an Ni-base super alloy which is used for airplane engines and gas turbines for power generation and has favorable mechanical properties at high temperature. The Ni-base super alloy contains 0.001 to 0.1 mass % of C, 1.0 to 4.0 mass % of Al, 2.0 to 4.5 mass % of Ti, 12.0 to 18.0 mass % of Cr, 11.1 to 18.0 mass % of Co, 1.2 to 12.0 mass % of Fe, 1.5 to 6.5 mass % of Mo, 0.5 to 6.0 mass % of W, 0.1 to 3.0 mass % of Nb, 0.001 to 0.05 mass % of B, 0.001 to 0.1 mass % of Zr, and Ni and impurities as a remainder.

A metallic alloy, more particularly, a high-entropy alloy with a composite structure exhibits high strength and good ductility, and is used as a component material in electromagnetic, chemical, shipbuilding, machinery, and other applications, and in extreme environments, and the like.

A near net shape medical device is described that is formed from a metal alloy mixture containing NiTiHf using additive manufacturing techniques. The medical device is aged to a desired ultimate tensile strength (UTS), presence of H-phase precipitate with an A.sub.f below body temperature.

A near net shape medical device is described that is formed from a metal alloy mixture containing NiTiHf using additive manufacturing techniques. The medical device is aged to a desired ultimate tensile strength (UTS), presence of H-phase precipitate with an A.sub.f below body temperature.