A surface-treated steel sheet for battery containers is provided. The surface-treated sheet is used to form a battery container for a battery. The battery uses a nonaqueous electrolytic solution as an electrolytic solution. The surface-treated steel sheet includes a base material made of steel and an iron-nickel diffusion layer formed by performing thermal diffusion treatment after forming a nickel plating layer at least on a surface of the base material to be located at the inner surface side of the battery container. The iron-nickel diffusion layer has an outermost layer of which a ratio of Ni and Fe is 7.5 or less as a molar ratio of Ni/Fe. The iron-nickel diffusion layer has a thickness of 0.6 m or more.

The present invention concerns a turbine part comprising a substrate made of nickel-based monocrystalline superalloy, comprising chromium and at least one element chosen among rhenium and ruthenium, the substrate having a - phase, an average mass fraction of rhenium and of ruthenium greater than or equal to 4% and an average mass fraction of chromium less than or equal to 5% and preferably less than or equal to 3%, a sub-layer covering at least a part of a surface of the substrate, characterised in that the sublayer has a - phase and an average atomic fraction of chromium greater than 5%, of aluminium between 10% and 20% and of platinum between 15% and 25%.

The present invention concerns a turbine part comprising a substrate made of nickel-based monocrystalline superalloy, comprising chromium and at least one element chosen among rhenium and ruthenium, the substrate having a - phase, an average mass fraction of rhenium and of ruthenium greater than or equal to 4% and an average mass fraction of chromium less than or equal to 5% and preferably less than or equal to 3%, a sub-layer covering at least a part of a surface of the substrate, characterised in that the sublayer has a - phase and an average atomic fraction of chromium greater than 5%, of aluminium between 10% and 20% and of platinum between 15% and 25%.

A method of applying a protective coating to an article comprises the steps of a) depositing aluminum in a surface region of an article, and b) depositing chromium is the surface region of the article subsequent to step a), whereby at least a portion of the chromium replaces at least a portion of the aluminum. Another method and an article are also disclosed.

A method of applying a protective coating to an article comprises the steps of a) depositing aluminum in a surface region of an article, and b) depositing chromium is the surface region of the article subsequent to step a), whereby at least a portion of the chromium replaces at least a portion of the aluminum. Another method and an article are also disclosed.

The embodiments herein relate to electrochromic stacks, electrochromic devices, and methods and apparatus for making such stacks and devices. In various embodiments, an anodically coloring layer in an electrochromic stack or device is fabricated to include a heterogeneous structure, for example a heterogeneous composition and/or morphology. Such heterogeneous anodically coloring layers can be used to better tune the properties of a device.

The embodiments herein relate to electrochromic stacks, electrochromic devices, and methods and apparatus for making such stacks and devices. In various embodiments, an anodically coloring layer in an electrochromic stack or device is fabricated to include a heterogeneous structure, for example a heterogeneous composition and/or morphology. Such heterogeneous anodically coloring layers can be used to better tune the properties of a device.

Disclosed is a hot-pressed member that can exhibit very high tensile strength after hot pressing as high as TS: 1780 MPa or more, and excellent resistance to resistance welding cracking by properly adjusting its chemical composition and its microstructure such that a prior austenite average grain size is 7.5 m or less, a volume fraction of martensite is 95% or more, and at least 10 Nb-based and Ti-based precipitates having a grain size of less than 0.10 m are present on average per 100 m.sup.2 of a cross section parallel to a thickness direction of the member within a range of 100 m or less in the thickness direction from the surface of the member, and such that a B concentration in prior austenite grain boundaries is at least 3.0 times a B concentration at a position 5 nm away from the grain boundaries.

A metal member includes an alloy containing platinum-group metal. An amount of the platinum-group metal in an outermost surface of the metal member is higher than the amount of the platinum-group metal in an interior of the metal member.

A metal member includes an alloy containing platinum-group metal. An amount of the platinum-group metal in an outermost surface of the metal member is higher than the amount of the platinum-group metal in an interior of the metal member.