Provided are a chain component that has a simple surface treatment structure and can maintain good wear resistance over a long time, and a chain that includes the chain component and maintains good wear elongation resistance. The chain component of a power transmission chain for industrial use includes a chromium nitride layer formed on an outer side of a steel base material and containing more than 0 mass % but not more than 55 mass % iron. At least a surface of the chromium nitride layer that slides against other components is a rough surface with peaks and valleys.

Provided is a method for producing plated steel sheet by means of an annealing device which includes at least one section and in which the at least one section is filled with a gas constituting a non-reducing atmosphere or a weakly reducing atmosphere to substantially improve the quality of plating onto hot-dipped steel sheet, including the plating properties, alloying properties, anti-pickup properties, plating adhesion properties, anti-flaking properties, anti-cratering properties and anti-ash properties, by using prior-art annealing equipment and heat-treatment cycle without any additional oxidation-reduction heat treatment process or large quantities of high-cost alloying elements.

A method for improvement of magnetic performance of sintered NdFeB magnet includes the following steps. Firstly, material containing element R, H and X is to be covered on a surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet to form a finish coat. After that, proceed with a diffusion treatment and an aging treatment to the sintered NdFeB magnet with the finish coat in the environment of vacuum or inert gas. R is at least one of such elements as Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu. H is hydrogen. X is at least one of such elements as C, O, N, S, B, Cl and Si.

A method for improvement of magnetic performance of sintered NdFeB magnet includes the following steps. Firstly, material containing element R, H and X is to be covered on a surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet to form a finish coat. After that, proceed with a diffusion treatment and an aging treatment to the sintered NdFeB magnet with the finish coat in the environment of vacuum or inert gas. R is at least one of such elements as Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu. H is hydrogen. X is at least one of such elements as C, O, N, S, B, Cl and Si.

The present disclosure relates generally to hardface coating systems and methods for metal alloys and other materials for wear and corrosion resistant applications. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to hardface coatings that include a network of titanium monoboride (TiB) needles or whiskers in a matrix, which are formed from titanium (Ti) and titanium diboride (TiB.sub.2) precursors by reactions enabled by the inherent energy provided by the process heat associated with coating deposition and, optionally, coating post-heat treatment. These hardface coatings are pyrophoric, thereby generating further reaction energy internally, and may be applied in a functionally graded manner. The hardface coatings may be deposited in the presence of a number of fluxing agents, beta stabilizers, densification aids, diffusional aids, and multimode particle size distributions to further enhance their performance characteristics.

The present disclosure relates generally to hardface coating systems and methods for metal alloys and other materials for wear and corrosion resistant applications. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to hardface coatings that include a network of titanium monoboride (TiB) needles or whiskers in a matrix, which are formed from titanium (Ti) and titanium diboride (TiB.sub.2) precursors by reactions enabled by the inherent energy provided by the process heat associated with coating deposition and, optionally, coating post-heat treatment. These hardface coatings are pyrophoric, thereby generating further reaction energy internally, and may be applied in a functionally graded manner. The hardface coatings may be deposited in the presence of a number of fluxing agents, beta stabilizers, densification aids, diffusional aids, and multimode particle size distributions to further enhance their performance characteristics.

The friction stir welding apparatus includes a pin (20) on which a soft nitrided layer (50) is formed. The soft nitrided layer (50) is formed of an iron lithium oxide layer (51) and a nitrided diffusion layer (52). The atom of the iron lithium oxide layer (51) penetrates into a space between atoms at the surface of the pin (20) to form the nitrided diffusion layer (52).

A chain component which has a simple surface treatment structure and in which satisfactory wear resistance is maintained for a long term; and a chain which employs this chain component so that a satisfactory wear elongation resistance is maintained are provided. A roller chain serving as an industrial chain for power transmission is constructed such that a pair of outer plates linked by two pins and a pair of inner plates linked together by two bushes onto each of which a roller is fit are alternately linked together in a plurality in a state that each pin is loosely fit in each bush. A chromium nitride layer is formed on the outer side of the steel-based substrate of the pin. The chromium nitride layer contains iron at a content higher than 0 mass % and lower than or equal to 55 mass %.

A chain component which has a simple surface treatment structure and in which satisfactory wear resistance is maintained for a long term; and a chain which employs this chain component so that a satisfactory wear elongation resistance is maintained are provided. A roller chain serving as an industrial chain for power transmission is constructed such that a pair of outer plates linked by two pins and a pair of inner plates linked together by two bushes onto each of which a roller is fit are alternately linked together in a plurality in a state that each pin is loosely fit in each bush. A chromium nitride layer is formed on the outer side of the steel-based substrate of the pin. The chromium nitride layer contains iron at a content higher than 0 mass % and lower than or equal to 55 mass %.

An object of the disclosure is to provide a heat generation element having high durability and a method of manufacturing the same. A heat generation element 1 according to the disclosure includes a first layer 2 having a metallic tantalum phase, and a second layer 3 which covers a periphery of the first layer 2 and has a tantalum carbide phase, wherein a concentration of silicon in an interface portion 4 between the first layer 2 and the second layer 3 is higher than a concentration of silicon in a portion other than the interface portion 4.