The present invention provides a fine metal mask and a manufacture method thereof. The fine metal mask comprises a mask side frame, a first mask of metal material and a second mask of an organic material; the first mask comprising first pixel openings; the second mask comprising one or more second pixel openings corresponding to an area of each first pixel opening, and because the second pixel openings are arranged in the area corresponding to the first pixel openings, in comparison with prior art, the present invention can provide the pixel openings with a smaller size to manufacture the OLED elements with a smaller size to raise the resolution of the OLED display product; meanwhile, the opening wall slope of the second pixel openings can be controlled to be smaller to make the incident angle of the evaporation material at the second pixel opening edge smaller.

A method to transfer a layer of harder thin film substrate onto a softer, flexible substrate. In particular, the present invention provides a method to deposit a layer of sapphire thin film on to a softer and flexible substrate e.g. PET, polymers, plastics, paper and fabrics. This combination provides the hardness of sapphire thin film to softer flexible substrates.

Described is a fuel cell comprising an electrode catalyst assembly, and a two-dimensional (2D) amorphous carbon, wherein the 2D amorphous carbon has a crystallinity (C)?0.8.

Ternary and quaternary shape memory alloys, particularly nickel-titanium based quaternary and quaternary shape memory alloys, are disclosed and made by a method employing physical vapor deposition (PVD), such as by sputtering, of NiTiX, wherein X is a ternary metal constituent. By employing PVD processing, ternary and quaternary NiTi alloy bulk materials may be made in in the as-deposited state such that the configuration and conformation of a desired precursor material, e.g., wires, tubes, planar materials, curvilinear, or as the near finished end product, such as a hypotube for stent manufacture, semilunar for cardiac valves or conical for embolic or caval filters, is formed on a removable deposition substrate in the configuration and conformation of the precursor material or near-finished end product.

A method to transfer a layer of harder thin film substrate onto a softer, flexible substrate. In particular, the present invention provides a method to deposit a layer of sapphire thin film on to a softer and flexible substrate e.g. PET, polymers, plastics, paper and fabrics. This combination provides the hardness of sapphire thin film to softer flexible substrates.

A method for in-situ generation of microbubbles is disclosed. The method includes preparing an electrochemical apparatus, where the electrochemical apparatus includes a substrate and an integrated three-electrodes array patterned on the substrate. The integrated three-electrodes array includes a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a counter electrode. The method further includes growing a nano-structured layer on the working electrode of the integrated three-electrodes array, putting the electrochemical apparatus in contact with a medium fluid, electrolyzing the medium fluid by applying an instantaneous electrical potential to the electrochemical apparatus, and generating a plurality of microbubbles around the electrochemical apparatus in contact with the medium fluid responsive to electrolyzing of the medium fluid.

A method for cancer diagnosis is disclosed. The method includes forming a plurality of cultured cells on an electrochemical biosensor placing the electrochemical biosensor in a medium solution comprising a cell culture solution of a plurality of biological cells, measuring a first electrochemical response from the electrochemical biosensor with the plurality of cultured cells, forming a plurality of stimulated cells on the electrochemical biosensor by ultrasonically stimulating of the plurality of cultured cells, measuring a second electrochemical response from the electrochemical biosensor with the plurality of stimulated cells, and detecting presence of cancer cells responsive to a difference between the first electrochemical response and the second electrochemical response being less than a threshold. Where, the first electrochemical response includes an electrochemical response of the plurality of cultured cells and the second electrochemical response includes an electrochemical response of the plurality of stimulated cells.

Described is a composite material composed of an atomically thin (single layer) amorphous carbon disposed on top of a substrate (metal, glass, oxides) and methods of growing and differentiating stem cells.

A process for producing a metallic foam body, having a substrate made of at least one metal or metal alloy A and a layer of a metal or metal alloy B. The metal or metal alloy A and the metal or metal alloy B are selected from a group consisting of Ni, Cr, Co, Cu, Ag, and any alloy thereof and are different. The process includes providing a porous organic polymer foam. The process also includes depositing at least one first metal or metal alloy A on the porous organic polymer foam. The process further includes burning off the porous organic polymer foam to obtain a metallic foam body substrate. The process yet further includes depositing by electroplating a metallic layer of a metal or metal alloy B at least on a part of the surface of the metallic foam body substrate.

A method for coating a thin film in a rolling manner and a thin film coating apparatus are provided. The method includes: floating a thin film material on a liquefied material; rolling a cylindrical substrate after contacting the cylindrical substrate with the thin film material; and coating the thin film material on a surface of the cylindrical substrate by using an attraction force between the surface of the cylindrical substrate and the thin film material.