A metal tone decorative sheet has an excellent metallic luster and electromagnetic wave transmissivity, and a metal tone decorative molded body is provided with the metal tone decorative sheet. A metal tone decorative sheet includes a metal layer on a base material layer, wherein the metal layer includes a plurality of island portions containing metal and a sea portion positioned between the island portions, the island portion is a convex quadrangle in a cross-sectional view, one side of the quadrangle being opposed to the base material layer, and 0≤x-y≤80 where a length of a side of the island portion on the base material layer side is x [nm] and a length of a side of the island portion on an opposite side to the base material layer is y [nm].

A multi-layer PVD film stack contains high index of refraction base material(s), followed by a semi-transparent low index of refraction cap layer. The base layer(s) provide the color range of the film. The thickness of the cap layer dictates the degree to which the film retains the color properties of the base material and the reflectivity of the cap material. The cap layer not only increases the reflectivity of the base material, but it also decreases the reflectivity lost when the PVD film is topcoat lacquered. The lacquering is advantageous in protecting the PVD film but it decreases the reflectivity of the high index of refraction materials (generally n value>1.9 at 632 nm). These materials are desirable due to their color properties but are too dark after lacquering for many commercial applications. We address this problem by utilizing a high refractive index metal, or metals, as an opaque first layer followed by a thin semi-transparent second layer of a low refractive index metal. Upon topcoat lacquering, the resulting coating retains most of the aesthetically pleasing properties of the base metal(s) but minimizes the darkening of the metal(s) after topcoat due to the low refractive index of the second layer, which is in contact with the lacquer.

A method may produce a ceramic part with a mother-of-pearl effect, in particular for watchmaking. Such methods may include: forming a ceramic body; depositing a layer of an oxy-nitride component of the OxNy type on at least a portion of the ceramic body; and oxidizing at least a portion of the oxy-nitride layer, preferably by heating.

The color of an electrochromic stack in a tinted state may be modified to achieve a desired color target by utilizing various techniques alone or in combination. A first approach generally involves changing a coloration efficiency of a WO.sub.x electrochromic (EC) layer by lowering a sputter temperature to achieve a WO.sub.x microstructural change in the EC layer. A second approach generally involves utilizing a dopant (e.g., Mo, Nb, or V) to improve the neutrality of the tinted state of WO.sub.x (coloration efficiency changes). A third approach generally involves tailoring a thickness of the WO.sub.x layer to tune the color of the tinted stack.

Provided is a MgAl.sub.2O.sub.4 sintered body, which includes a relative density of the MgAl.sub.2O.sub.4 sintered body being 90% or higher, and an L* value in a L*a*b* color system being 90 or more. A method of producing a MgAl.sub.2O.sub.4 sintered body is characterized by that a MgAl.sub.2O.sub.4 powder is hot pressed at 1150 to 1300° C., and is thereafter subjected to atmospheric sintering at 1350° C. or higher. Embodiments of the present invention address the issue of providing a high density and white MgAl.sub.2O.sub.4 sintered body and a sputtering target using the sintered body, and a method of producing a MgAl.sub.2O.sub.4 sintered body.

The invention relates to a method for producing a semi-transparent motor vehicle design element (3), comprising the following steps:

A providing a dimensionally stable, at least partially light-permeable substrate (1) which is heat-resistant for a temperature of at least 60° C., the substrate (1) having a front side (1a) and a rear side (1b),

B introducing the substrate (1) into a vacuum chamber (2) and applying a first metallic semi-transparent layer (L1) by means of a PVD process to the substrate (1) according to step a) which is situated in the vacuum chamber (2), and

C applying a light-impermeable cover layer (LD) to the front or rear side (1a, 1b) of the substrate (1), the light-impermeable cover layer (LD) containing at least one light-permeable opening (8) for reproducing at least one graphical symbol (SYM),

steps B and C being carried out such that light (LSQ) passing through the at least one opening (8) in the light-impermeable cover layer (LD) from the rear side (1b) towards the front side (1a) of the substrate (1) is incident on the first metallic semi-transparent layer (L1) and at least partially passes outwards through the first metallic semi-transparent layer (L1) in order to project the at least one graphical symbol (SYM) represented by the at least one opening (8).

The present invention provides a colored radiative cooler based on a Tamm structure, including a substrate on which metal film and dielectric layers A to G are sequentially provided from bottom to top, where the Tamm structure is formed from the metal film and the dielectric layers A to D; a distributed Bragg reflector is formed from the dielectric layers A to D; and a selective emitter is formed from the dielectric layers E to G. Compared to the conventional radiative cooler, the colored radiative cooler not only has better cooling performance, but it has a wide applications in many aspects such as aesthetics and decoration.

The invention relates to a motor vehicle headlamp (8) comprising a vehicle headlamp housing (9), an at least sectionally transparent cover pane (10) that closes the vehicle headlamp housing (9), a light source (11) that is accommodated in the vehicle headlamp housing (9) and serves for radiating light through the cover pane (10), and at least one motor vehicle design element (3) that is accommodated in the vehicle headlamp housing (9), wherein the at least one motor vehicle design element (3) comprises a dimensionally stable substrate (1) with at least one coated side.

A method for colouring a part to be treated made of metal, this method including the step of implanting mono- or multi-charged ions in a surface layer of the part to be treated by directing towards this part to be treated a mono- or multi-charged ion beam produced by a source of mono- or multi-charged ions, the part to be treated changing colour under the effect of this ion implantation. A coloured metal can be obtained with the above method.

A method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy sheet may include melting aluminum alloy composition containing silicon (Si), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) in weight % on the basis of remainder of aluminum (Al) to make cast alloy having a constant initial thickness; rolling the cast alloy to allow the initial thickness to be reduced, whereby the cast alloy is elongated to aluminum alloy sheet; and performing heat treatment on the aluminum alloy sheet.