A gas introduction structure for supplying a processing gas into a vertically-elongated processing container, includes a processing gas supply pipe extending along a longitudinal direction of the processing container in the processing container and having a plurality of gas discharge holes formed along the longitudinal direction, the processing gas supply pipe configured so that the processing gas is introduced from one end toward the other end thereof, wherein a dilution gas is supplied to a portion of the processing gas supply pipe that is closer to the other end than the one end of the processing gas supply pipe.

This disclosure relates generally to a patterning structure including an underlayer and an imaging layer, as well as methods and apparatuses thereof. In particular embodiments, the underlayer provides an increase in radiation absorptivity and/or patterning performance of the imaging layer.

A connector pair includes a first connector, and a second connector electrically connected to the first connector. The first connector includes a first electrical contact part provided with a graphene film on a metal base material. The second connector includes a second electrical contact part electrically connected to the first connector via the graphene film. A contact area between the first electrical contact part and the second electrical contact part is smaller than an area of the graphene film coating the metal base material.

A connector pair includes a first connector, and a second connector electrically connected to the first connector. The first connector includes a first electrical contact part provided with a graphene film on a metal base material. The second connector includes a second electrical contact part electrically connected to the first connector via the graphene film. A contact area between the first electrical contact part and the second electrical contact part is smaller than an area of the graphene film coating the metal base material.

The present disclosure relates to a method of making an electrochemically active material, which comprises metal nanostructures encapsulated in LaF.sub.3 shells. The electrochemically active material may be included in an electrode of an F-shuttle battery that includes a liquid electrolyte, which, optionally, allows the F-shuttle batteries to operate at room temperature.

An electrically conductive composite powder is provided for microwave shielding applications. The electrically conductive composite powder includes a core of particles formed from a material having a low density of <5 g/cm.sup.3 and a high dielectric constant of ≥10; an intermediate layer coated onto the core of particles, wherein said intermediate layer has a high electrical conductivity of >5.90×10.sup.−8 Ohm*m at 20° C.; and an outer layer that is deposited onto the intermediate layer, said outer layer comprising a material having a high oxidation and corrosion resistance of >−0.2V galvanic potential in seawater as measured via ASTM G82. The electrically conductive composite powder exhibits excellent microwave shielding performance, while also being substantially lower in cost that conventional Ag/Ni shields. The electrically conductive composite powder can be used across a broad microwave frequency range.

An electrically conductive composite powder is provided for microwave shielding applications. The electrically conductive composite powder includes a core of particles formed from a material having a low density of <5 g/cm.sup.3 and a high dielectric constant of ≥10; an intermediate layer coated onto the core of particles, wherein said intermediate layer has a high electrical conductivity of >5.90×10.sup.−8 Ohm*m at 20° C.; and an outer layer that is deposited onto the intermediate layer, said outer layer comprising a material having a high oxidation and corrosion resistance of >−0.2V galvanic potential in seawater as measured via ASTM G82. The electrically conductive composite powder exhibits excellent microwave shielding performance, while also being substantially lower in cost that conventional Ag/Ni shields. The electrically conductive composite powder can be used across a broad microwave frequency range.

A cam follower is provided. The cam follower includes a polycrystalline diamond element, including an engagement surface. The engagement surface of the polycrystalline diamond element is positioned on the cam follower for sliding engagement with an opposing engagement surface of a cam. The cam includes at least some of a diamond reactive material.

A film forming mask includes a plurality of first openings that are formed on the film-forming mask to form a thin film pattern on a substrate. A second opening includes a plurality of second openings that corresponds and is aligned along a side of at least one of the plurality of first openings. An opening area of the second opening is smaller than an opening area of each of the plurality of first openings.

A film forming mask includes a plurality of first openings that are formed on the film-forming mask to form a thin film pattern on a substrate. A second opening includes a plurality of second openings that corresponds and is aligned along a side of at least one of the plurality of first openings. An opening area of the second opening is smaller than an opening area of each of the plurality of first openings.