A process for the manufacture of a pre-painted sheet. The process includes supplying a steel substrate, depositing a metallic coating on at least one face by hot-dipping of the substrate in a bath including 4.4% to 5.25% by weight aluminum and 0.3% to 0.56% by weight magnesium. The rest of the bath includes exclusively zinc, unavoidable impurities resulting from the process and optionally one or more additional elements including Si, Ti, Ca, Mn, La, Ce and Bi. The content by weight of each additional element in the metallic coating is less than 0.3% and the presence of nickel is excluded. The process further includes solidifying the metallic coating, surface preparation of the metallic coating and painting of the metallic coating. The present invention further provides a pre-painted sheet.

The present invention relates to an abutment of a dental implant system for connecting a dental implant and a suprastructure, said abutment comprising an abutment basic body extending from an apical end to a coronal end arranged opposite to the apical end. The abutment basic body comprises a dental implant connecting portion facing the apical end and adapted to fit with a corresponding abutment connecting portion of the dental implant and/or an intermediate part to be directly or indirectly connected with the dental implant. It further comprises a support portion facing the coronal end and designed such to allow the suprastructure to be mounted directly or indirectly. According to the invention, the abutment further comprises nanostructures formed on at least a portion of the outer surface of the abutment basic body, said nanostructures extending in at least two dimensions to 200 nm at most.

Disclosed is a method of treating a substrate, comprising contacting at least a portion of the substrate surface with a first composition comprising a lanthanide source and an oxidizing agent. A substrate obtainable by the methods also is disclosed.

Disclosed is a method of treating a substrate, comprising contacting at least a portion of the substrate surface with a first composition comprising a lanthanide source and an oxidizing agent. A substrate obtainable by the methods also is disclosed.

The invention relates to a strip or sheet consisting of an aluminium alloy having a unilateral or bilateral surface structure prepared for a forming process, in particular it relates to a strip or sheet for formed motor vehicle components. The object of providing an aluminium alloy strip or sheet having a surface structure prepared for a forming process, which is easy to produce and has improved tribological characteristics in respect of a subsequent forming process, is achieved for a strip or sheet consisting of an aluminium alloy in that the strip or sheet has on one side or on both sides a surface with depressions as lubricant pockets which are produced using an electrochemical graining process.

The invention relates to a strip or sheet consisting of an aluminium alloy having a unilateral or bilateral surface structure prepared for a forming process, in particular it relates to a strip or sheet for formed motor vehicle components. The object of providing an aluminium alloy strip or sheet having a surface structure prepared for a forming process, which is easy to produce and has improved tribological characteristics in respect of a subsequent forming process, is achieved for a strip or sheet consisting of an aluminium alloy in that the strip or sheet has on one side or on both sides a surface with depressions as lubricant pockets which are produced using an electrochemical graining process.

Described herein is a method for phosphating of a metallic surface, wherein a metallic surface, optionally after cleaning and/or activation, is first treated with an acidic, aqueous, substantially nickel-free phosphating composition that includes zinc ions, manganese ions, iron(III) ions and phosphate ions, and is thereafter optionally rinsed and/or dried. Also described herein are a corresponding phosphating composition and a correspondingly phosphate-coated metallic surface.

Described herein is a method for phosphating of a metallic surface, wherein a metallic surface, optionally after cleaning and/or activation, is first treated with an acidic, aqueous, substantially nickel-free phosphating composition that includes zinc ions, manganese ions, iron(III) ions and phosphate ions, and is thereafter optionally rinsed and/or dried. Also described herein are a corresponding phosphating composition and a correspondingly phosphate-coated metallic surface.

Described herein is a method for treatment of at least one surface of a metal containing substrate including contacting the surface with an aqueous acidic Ni-free composition (A) including at least zinc cations, manganese cations, and phosphate anions to form a conversion coating on the surface, and contacting the formed coating with an aqueous Ni-free composition (B) including one or more linear polymers (P) containing vinyl phosphonic acid and (meth)acrylic acid in form of their polymerized monomeric units. Also described herein is a composition (B) as such, a master batch to produce the composition (B), a kit-of-parts including both compositions (A) and (B), a kit-of-parts including respective master batches to produce both compositions (A) and (B), and a coated substrate obtainable by the method described herein.

Described herein is a method for treatment of at least one surface of a metal containing substrate including contacting the surface with an aqueous acidic Ni-free composition (A) including at least zinc cations, manganese cations, and phosphate anions to form a conversion coating on the surface, and contacting the formed coating with an aqueous Ni-free composition (B) including one or more linear polymers (P) containing vinyl phosphonic acid and (meth)acrylic acid in form of their polymerized monomeric units. Also described herein is a composition (B) as such, a master batch to produce the composition (B), a kit-of-parts including both compositions (A) and (B), a kit-of-parts including respective master batches to produce both compositions (A) and (B), and a coated substrate obtainable by the method described herein.